Leveraging the Wisdom of the Crowd to Address Societal Challenges: Revisiting the Knowledge Reuse for Innovation Process through Analytics
Leveraging the Wisdom of the Crowd to Address Societal Challenges: Revisiting the Knowledge Reuse for Innovation Process through Analytics
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DOI：
10.17705/1jais.00632
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yue Han;Pınar Öztürk;J. Nickerson
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文献类型：
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作者：
Yue Han;Pınar Öztürk;J. Nickerson
社会挑战不仅可以由专家解决，也可以由群众解决。众包提供了一种方法，让人们参与到我们这个时代一些最大挑战的解决方案中来：如何减少我们的碳足迹，如何解决全球流行的慢性病，以及如何实现可持续发展。在线社区中孤立的基于人群的解决方案并不总是具有创造性和创新性。因此，重新混合已被开发为一种实现想法演变和整合的方式，并利用可重用的创新解决方案。理解混音的生成性对于利用人群的智慧来解决社会挑战至关重要。在最好的情况下，混音可以促进在线社区参与，并支持全面和创新的解决方案生成。组织者可以维持一个活跃的在线社区，社区成员可以集体创新和学习，因此，社会可以找到解决重要问题的新方法。我们解决了什么影响的创新过程模型的知识重用的重新组合的生成性。我们分析了Climate CoLab中提案的重用，Climate CoLab是一个旨在解决全球气候变化问题的在线创新社区。我们应用几种分析方法来研究可能有助于混音生成性的因素，结果表明，包括流行主题和整合元知识的混音更具生成性。最后，我们提出了一些策略和工具，可以帮助在线社区更好地利用集体智慧来应对社会挑战。
Societal challenges can be addressed not only by experts but also by crowds. Crowdsourcing provides a way to engage a crowd to contribute to the solutions of some of the biggest challenges of our era: how to cut our carbon footprint, how to address worldwide epidemic of chronic disease, and how to achieve sustainable development. Isolated crowd-based solutions in online communities are not always creative and innovative. Hence, remixing has been developed as a way to enable idea evolution and integration, and to harness reusable innovative solutions. Understanding the generativity of remixing is essential to leveraging the wisdom of the crowd to solve societal challenges. At its best, remixing can promote online community engagement, as well as support comprehensive and innovative solution generation. Organizers can maintain an active online community, community members can collectively innovate and learn, and, as a result, society can find new ways to solve important problems. We address what affects the generativity of a remix by revisiting the knowledge reuse for innovation process model. We analyze the reuse of proposals in Climate CoLab, an online innovation community that aims to address global climate change issues. Our application of several analytical methods to study factors that may contribute to the generativity of a remix reveals that remixes that include prevalent topics and integration metaknowledge are more generative. We conclude by suggesting strategies and tools that can help online communities better harness collective intelligence for addressing societal challenges.