Antimicrobial and Attractant Roles for Chemerin in the Oral Cavity during Inflammatory Gum Disease.
Antimicrobial and Attractant Roles for Chemerin in the Oral Cavity during Inflammatory Gum Disease.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00353
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Cichy J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Godlewska U;Brzoza P;Sroka A;Majewski P;Jentsch H;Eckert M;Eick S;Potempa J;Zabel BA;Cichy J
牙周炎是人类最常见的慢性炎症之一。尽管最近在识别和表征口腔微生物区系失调在牙周病发病机制方面取得了进展，但宿主因素如何维持健康的动态平衡口腔微生物群落或防止致病性口腔微生物区系的发展仍然知之甚少。微生物区系命运的一个重要决定因素是当地的抗菌蛋白。在这里，我们报告了趋化蛋白趋化蛋白，我们最近发现，它是一种有效的内源性抗菌剂在身体屏障，如皮肤，存在于口腔中的动态平衡和炎症条件下。Chmerin和一种趋化蛋白衍生的抗菌肽对牙齿生物膜中具有战略意义的特定细菌具有杀菌作用。牙周炎而不是牙周炎患者的牙龈沟标本中含有丰富的生物活性趋化蛋白，能够诱导依赖于CMKLR1的白细胞迁移。牙周病原体P.gigivalis分泌的牙痛使趋化蛋白失活。综上所述，这些数据表明，作为一种抗菌剂和白细胞趋化剂，趋化蛋白可能有助于口腔中的抗微生物免疫防御。
Periodontal inflammation is one of the most common chronic inflammatory conditions in humans. Despite recent advances in identifying and characterizing oral microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of gum disease, just how host factors maintain a healthy homeostatic oral microbial community or prevent the development of a pathogenic oral microbiota remains poorly understood. An important determinant of microbiota fate is local antimicrobial proteins. Here, we report that chemoattractant protein chemerin, which we recently identified as a potent endogenous antimicrobial agent in body barriers such as the skin, is present in the oral cavity under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. Chemerin and a chemerin-derived antimicrobial peptide are bactericidal against select bacteria strategically positioned in dental biofilm. Gingival crevicular samples from patients with gingivitis but not periodontitis contain abundant bioactive chemerin capable of inducing CMKLR1-dependent leukocyte migration. Gingipains secreted by the periodontopathogen P. gingivalis inactivate chemerin. Together, these data suggest that as an antimicrobial agent and leukocyte chemoattractant, chemerin likely contributes to antimicrobial immune defense in the oral cavity.