The role of volatile semiochemicals in mediating host location and selection by nuisance and disease-transmitting cattle flies
The role of volatile semiochemicals in mediating host location and selection by nuisance and disease-transmitting cattle flies
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0269-283x.2004.00528.x
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Woodcock, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Birkett, MA;Agelopoulos, N;Woodcock, CM
采用气相色谱-电生理（GC-EAG）、气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）、电生理（EAG）联用技术、实验室行为和田间试验，研究了挥发性化学信息素在荷斯坦-弗里斯兰小母牛群内滋扰性和传播疾病的牛蝇的定位和选择中的作用。采用气相色谱-触角电位联用技术，对荷兰小母牛挥发性提取物中的秋家蝇（Musca autumnalis（de Geer），双翅目：家蝇科）和刺激血蝇（Haematobia irritans（L.）（双翅目：蝇科）。挥发性样品也收集了两个小母牛在丹麦在以前的计数实验中显示出显着不同的飞行负载。使用Ha的耦合GC-EAG。刺激物触角的EAG反应的样品，与额外的EAG活性的样品中收集的小母牛与较低的苍蝇负载揭示了差异。为了鉴定更多的EAG活性化合物，还通过空气夹带从48小时龄的尿液中收集挥发物。利用GC-EAG和GC-MS联用技术共鉴定了23种化合物。秋天，哈。irritans，Hydrotaea irritans（L.）（双翅目：家蝇亚科）、钙突毒蛾Stomoxys calcitrans（L.）（双翅目：Musicidae）和Wohlfahrtia magnifica（Schiner）（双翅目：麻蝇科）]表明，只有一些化合物在测试的苍蝇范围内具有生理活性。这些化合物包括1-辛烯-3-醇、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮、（Z）-3-己烯-1-醇、萘和从尿液中鉴别出的所有EAG活性化合物。使用设计用于测量逆风夜间行为的风洞测试显示显著EAG活性的化合物的行为活性。在一定浓度下，1-辛烯-3-醇，6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮和3-辛醇增加逆风飞行，而萘，丁酸丙酯和芳樟醇减少逆风飞行。在田间研究中，使用小牛群的小母牛根据他们的苍蝇负载排名，个别缓释制剂的1-辛烯-3-醇和6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮，当应用于低和高苍蝇负载小母牛，减少苍蝇负载对这些人。这项研究提供了证据的假设，即一个单一的宿主物种，牛蝇的牛群内的自然差异的吸引力，部分是由于挥发性化学信息素从主机发出的差异。这表明，这一现象也适用于其他脊椎动物宿主物种及其相关的昆虫害虫。
The role of volatile semiochemicals in mediating the location and selection within herds of Holstein-Friesian heifers by nuisance and disease-transmitting cattle flies was investigated using coupled gas chromatography-electrophysiology (GC-EAG), coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrophysiology (EAG), laboratory behaviour and field studies. Using volatile extracts collected by air entrainment from heifers in the Netherlands, a number of active peaks were located by coupled GC-EAG for Musca autumnalis (de Geer) (Diptera: Muscidae) and Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae). Volatile samples were also collected from two heifers in Denmark shown in previous counting experiments to differ significantly in their fly loads. Coupled GC-EAG using Ha. irritans antennae revealed differences in the EAG response to the samples, with additional EAG activity in the sample collected from the heifer with the lower fly load. To identify more EAG active compounds, volatiles were also collected from 48-h-old urine by air entrainment. In total, 23 compounds were located and identified by coupled GC-EAG and GC-MS. Further electrophysiological testing of these compounds with five fly species [M. autumnalis, Ha. irritans, Hydrotaea irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Musicidae) and Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)] showed that only some of the compounds were physiologically active across the range of flies tested. These included 1-octen-3-ol, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, naphthalene, and all EAG active compounds identified from urine. Compounds showing significant EAG activity were tested for behavioural activity using a wind-tunnel designed for measuring upwind night behaviour. At certain concentrations, 1-octen-3-ol, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and 3-octanol increased upwind flight, whereas naphthalene, propyl butanoate and linalool reduced upwind flight. In field studies using small herds of heifers ranked according to their fly load, individual slow-release formulations of 1-octen-3-ol and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, when applied to low and high fly loading heifers, reduced fly loads on these individuals. This study provides evidence for the hypothesis that the natural differential attractiveness within herds of Holstein-Freisian heifers, i.e. a single host species, for cattle flies is partly due to differences in volatile semiochemicals emitted from the host. It is suggested that this phenomenon applies to other vertebrate host species and their associated insect pests.