Aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of phenol derivatives in various paddy soils.
Aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of phenol derivatives in various paddy soils.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.01.031
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发表时间：
2006-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Shibata;Y. Inoue;A. Katayama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Shibata;Y. Inoue;A. Katayama
研究了苯酚及其部分烷基衍生物（对甲酚、4-正丙基酚、4-i-丙基酚、4-正丁基酚、4-仲丁基酚、4-正丁基酚和4-正辛基酚）在好氧和厌氧条件下在7种日本水稻土中的微生物降解情况。在所有水稻土中均检测到酚衍生物的好氧生物降解。半衰期为2至19天。4-t-辛基酚的好氧降解速率与水稻土总碳含量呈负相关，且好氧降解速率与烷基酚的烷基大小呈显著负相关。苯酚和对甲酚在3种土壤中厌氧降解，苯酚的半衰期为24 ~ 260天，对甲酚的半衰期为11 ~ 740天。三种土壤均具有硝酸盐和氧化铁含量低的特点。其他土壤性质与厌氧降解率无显著相关性。在一种土壤中，我们首次发现了4-n-丙基酚的厌氧生物降解。然而，其他5种化合物（4-i-丙基酚、4-正丁基酚、4-仲丁基酚、4-t-丁基酚和4-t-辛基酚）在224天的培养过程中没有被降解。这些结果表明，在水稻土不淹水和好氧条件下，苯酚和所有烷基酚在几天内就能降解。在淹水和厌氧条件下，4-正丙基苯酚、苯酚和对甲酚都能被降解，而烷基链长且支链的烷基酚几乎不被降解。
Microbiological degradation of phenol and some of its alkyl-derivatives (p-cresol, 4-n-propylphenol, 4-i-propylphenol, 4-n-butylphenol, 4-sec-butylphenol, 4-t-butylphenol, and 4-t-octylphenol) was examined under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions in seven Japanese paddy soils. Aerobic biodegradation of phenol derivatives was detected in all the paddy soils examined. The half-lives ranged from 2 to 19 days. The aerobic degradation rate of 4-t-octylphenol was correlated inversely with the total carbon contents of paddy soils, and there were significant inverse correlations between the aerobic degradation rate and the size of alkyl groups of alkylphenols. Anaerobic biodegradation of phenol and p-cresol was detected in three soils with the half-lives ranging from 24 to 260 days for phenol and from 11 to 740 days for p-cresol, respectively. The three soils were characterized by low contents of nitrate and iron oxides. Other soil properties did not show any significant correlations with the anaerobic degradation rates. In one soil, we found for the first time anaerobic biodegradation of 4-n-propylphenol. However, the other five compounds (4-i-propylphenol, 4-n-butylphenol, 4-sec-butylphenol, 4-t-butylphenol and 4-t-octylphenol) were not degraded over 224 days of incubation. These results suggest that phenol and all the alkylphenols were degraded within several days when paddy soil is not flooded and so under aerobic conditions. Under flooded and anaerobic conditions, 4-n-propylphenol would be degraded as well as phenol and p-cresol while alkylphenols with long and branched alkyl chains were hardly degraded at all.