Chemical reactor stability and sensitivity
Chemical reactor stability and sensitivity
复制标题
化学反应器稳定性和灵敏度
DOI：
10.1002/aic.690010422
复制
发表时间：
1955
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
N. Amundson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Bilous;N. Amundson
本文的目的是从稳态稳定性的角度来考虑搅拌良好的连续反应器。过去已经证明，化学反应系统可能是不稳定的，因为在轻微的扰动下，它们倾向于向更稳定的状态移动，或者它们在稳定状态中是稳定的，小的扰动可以自我纠正，因此系统具有自调节能力。本文介绍了稳定性或不稳定性定量判定准则的制定方法，并将其应用于一些简单的问题。为了确定大扰动对系统的影响，在模拟计算机（R.E.A.C.）上得到了严格方程的完全解。用这种方法可以得到浓度-温度平面上完整的反应路径图。由于系统的非线性，人们不能确定地预测在给定的大扰动之后将接近什么样的稳定状态，假设多个稳定状态是可能的。根据反应路径的相图，在平面上画出了达到一定稳态的区域。同时也证明了反应器的自然行为是不接近不稳定状态的。就反应堆而言，不稳定状态是不存在的。系统的稳定性对工程师来说很重要，因为控制是容易还是困难，产品质量是令人满意还是不满意取决于稳态的相对稳定性。不稳定状态需要比稳定状态更精细的控制。
The purpose of this paper is to consider the well agitated continuous reactor from the standpoint of stability of the steady state. It has been shown in the past that chemical-reaction systems may be unstable in the sense that on slight perturbation they tend to move to a more stable state or that they are stable in their steady states, small perturbations being self-correcting so that the system possesses autoregulation. In this paper methods of developing criteria for the quantitative determination of stability or instability or presented and applied to some simple problems. In order that the effect of large perturbations on the system may be determined, complete solutions of the rigorous equations are obtained on the analogue computer (R.E.A.C.). A complete plot of reaction paths in the concentration-temperature plane may be obtained in this manner. Because of the nonlinearity of the system one cannot predict with certainty what steady state will be approached after a given large perturbation, multiple steady states being assumed possible. From the phase plot of reaction paths the regions in the plane which lead to certain steady states are delineated. Also it is shown that the natural behavior of a reactor is not to approach an unstable state. So far as the reactor is concenrned, the unstable state does not exist. The stability of the system is important to the engineer, as control will be easy or difficult and product quality will be satisfactory or not depending upon the relative stability of the steady state. An unstable state would require more elaborate control than a stable state.