Revisiting the "Midtarsal Break"
Revisiting the "Midtarsal Break"
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.21140
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
DeSilva, Jeremy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DeSilva, Jeremy M.
近75年前，这本杂志首次描述了跗骨中段断裂，以解释非人类灵长类动物独立于脚的其他部分抬起脚跟的能力。自从最初描述跗骨中骨折以来，跟骨八方关节一直被认为是这种运动的解剖学来源。然而，最近有人认为跗骨中骨折可能发生在长方体-跖关节，而不是跟骰关节。从x光片、解剖、活体灵长类足的手工操作、圈养卡他林的视频和骨学标本中收集的数据一致认为，跗骨中骨折是由两个关节背屈引起的复杂运动，其中长骨-跖骨关节约占足中部背屈总量的2/3，跟骰关节仅占足中部背屈总量的1/3。第四和第五跖骨近端关节面的凸性以及相应的凹长方体面为长方体-跖关节的足中部背屈提供了骨骼相关性。对来自南方古猿阿法种、非洲古猿、直立人的古人类跖骨的研究，以及来自OH 8英尺的跖骨和长方体的研究表明，长方体-跖关节的背屈能力很小。这些结果表明，至少在320万年前，古人类可能已经进化出了一个稳定的足中部区域，很好地适应了两足动物的蹬蹬阶段。这些数据阐明了纵向拱的演变，并进一步证明了早期人类的树栖能力受到限制。[J] .中国生物医学工程学报，2014,31(2):444 - 444。(C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc。
The midtarsal break was first described in this journal nearly 75 years ago to explain the ability of non-human primates to lift their heel independently of the rest of the foot. Since the initial description of the midtarsal break, the calcaneocuboid joint has been assumed to be the anatomical source of this motion. Recently, however, it has been suggested that the midtarsal break may occur at the cuboid-metatarsal joint, rather than at the calcaneocuboid joint. Data compiled from X-rays, dissections, manual manipulation of living primate feet, video of captive catarrhines, and osteological specimens concur that the midtarsal break is a complex motion caused by dorsiflexion at both joints with the cuboid-metatarsal joint contributing roughly 2/3 of total midfoot dorsiflexion, and the calcaneocuboid joint only about 1/3 of total midfoot dorsiflex-ion. The convexity of the proximal articular surface of the fourth and fifth metatarsals and corresponding concave cuboid facets provide skeletal correlates for the presence of midfoot dorsiflexion at the cuboid-metatarsal joint. Study of hominin metatarsals from Australopithecus afarensis, A. africanus, Homo erectus, and the metatarsals and a cuboid from the OH 8 foot show little capacity for dorsiflexion at the cuboid-metatarsal joint. These results suggest that hominins may have already evolved a stable midfoot region well adapted for the push-off phase of bipedalism by at least 3.2 million years ago. These data illuminate the evolution of the longitudinal arch and show further evidence of constraints on the arboreal capacity in early hominins. Am J Phys Anthropol 141:245-258, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.