Effects of landscape structure and land-use intensity on similarity of plant and animal communities
Effects of landscape structure and land-use intensity on similarity of plant and animal communities
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1466-8238.2007.00344.x
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Zobel, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dormann, Carsten F.;Schweiger, Oliver;Zobel, Martin
目的物种丰富度本身并不总是足以评估自然保护的土地管理策略。当地社区之间的物种交换可能受到景观结构和土地利用强度的影响。因此，物种周转率及其倒数，群落相似性，可能是有用的措施，景观完整性从多样性的perspectives.Location欧洲样带从法国到爱沙尼亚方法我们测量了相似性的植物，鸟类，野蜂，真正的错误，步甲甲虫，hoverfly和蜘蛛群落采样沿着梯度景观组成（例如半自然生境的总可用性）、景观配置（如破碎化）和土地使用密集度结果除鸟类群落外，半自然生境的总可利用性对群落相似性的影响不大，在更自然的景观中更均匀。相比之下，蜜蜂群落在半自然栖息地比例较高的景观中不太相似。景观破碎化程度的增加降低了真实昆虫群落的相似性，而植物群落则表现出非线性的U形响应。更密集的土地使用，特别是增加农药负担，导致蜜蜂，昆虫和蜘蛛社区内的网站同质化。在这些情况下，栖息地破碎化与农药负荷相互作用。Hoverfly和步甲甲虫群落相似性差异影响较高的农药水平：步甲甲虫相似性下降，而对于hoverflies，我们观察到一个U形relationship.Main结论我们的研究表明景观组成，配置和土地利用强度的影响相似的社区。这表明，在以农业活动为主的景观中，社区之间的物种交换减少。分类群体对环境驱动因素的反应各不相同，因此只使用一个群体作为“生物多样性”指标是不可取的。
Aim Species richness in itself is not always sufficient to evaluate land management strategies for nature conservation. The exchange of species between local communities may be affected by landscape structure and land-use intensity. Thus, species turnover, and its inverse, community similarity, may be useful measures of landscape integrity from a diversity perspective.Location A European transect from France to Estonia.Methods We measured the similarity of plant, bird, wild bee, true bug, carabid beetle, hoverfly and spider communities sampled along gradients in landscape composition (e.g. total availability of semi-natural habitat), landscape configuration (e.g. fragmentation) and land-use intensity (e.g. pesticide loads).Results Total availability of semi-natural habitats had little effect on community similarity, except for bird communities, which were more homogeneous in more natural landscapes. Bee communities, in contrast, were less similar in landscapes with higher percentages of semi-natural habitats. Increased landscape fragmentation decreased similarity of true bug communities, while plant communities showed a nonlinear, U-shaped response. More intense land use, specifically increased pesticide burden, led to a homogenization of bee, bug and spider communities within sites. In these cases, habitat fragmentation interacted with pesticide load. Hoverfly and carabid beetle community similarity was differentially affected by higher pesticide levels: for carabid beetles similarity decreased, while for hoverflies we observed a U-shaped relationship.Main conclusions Our study demonstrates the effects of landscape composition, configuration and land-use intensity on the similarity of communities. It indicates reduced exchange of species between communities in landscapes dominated by agricultural activities. Taxonomic groups differed in their responses to environmental drivers and using but one group as an indicator for 'biodiversity' as such would thus not be advisable.