A quantitative analysis of transmission efficiency versus intensity for malaria.
A quantitative analysis of transmission efficiency versus intensity for malaria.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms1107
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发表时间：
2010-11-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Hay SI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith DL;Drakeley CJ;Chiyaka C;Hay SI
疟疾传播强度和效率之间的关系对于疟疾流行病学、设计以传播或发病率为终点的随机对照试验以及测量疟疾传播和控制并建立模型都很重要。收集和重新分析了过去世纪发表的五种研究，以量化疟疾传播效率并描述其与传播强度的关系，了解传播效率低下的原因，并确定适合模拟蚊媒疾病传播的函数。在这项研究中，我们表明，这些研究跟踪疟疾传播强度和效率之间的强烈非线性关系，这是吝啬描述的异质咬模型。当许多传染性叮咬集中在少数人身上时，感染和寄生虫种群结构将高度聚集，影响疟疾的免疫流行病学、寄生虫生活史特征的进化生态学以及利用昆虫学和流行病学数据进行传播控制的测量和分层。最近的研究表明，疟疾从蚊子到人的传播效率很低。在这项研究中，对已发表文献的分析被用来理解这种低效率，这可能是由于异质性叮咬，其中20%的人接受80%的叮咬。
The relationship between malaria transmission intensity and efficiency is important for malaria epidemiology, for the design of randomized control trials that measure transmission or incidence as end points, and for measuring and modelling malaria transmission and control. Five kinds of studies published over the past century were assembled and reanalysed to quantify malaria transmission efficiency and describe its relation to transmission intensity, to understand the causes of inefficient transmission and to identify functions suitable for modelling mosquito-borne disease transmission. In this study, we show that these studies trace a strongly nonlinear relationship between malaria transmission intensity and efficiency that is parsimoniously described by a model of heterogeneous biting. When many infectious bites are concentrated on a few people, infections and parasite population structure will be highly aggregated affecting the immunoepidemiology of malaria, the evolutionary ecology of parasite life history traits and the measurement and stratification of transmission for control using entomological and epidemiological data. Recent work has shown that the transmission of malaria from mosquito to human is inefficient. In this study, an analysis of published literature is used to understand this inefficiency, which is likely due to heterogeneous biting, where 20% of people receive 80% of the bites.