MACRONUTRIENT RELATIONSHIPS WITH MEAL PATTERNS AND MOOD IN THE SPONTANEOUS FEEDING-BEHAVIOR OF HUMANS
MACRONUTRIENT RELATIONSHIPS WITH MEAL PATTERNS AND MOOD IN THE SPONTANEOUS FEEDING-BEHAVIOR OF HUMANS
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DOI：
10.1016/0031-9384(87)90154-5
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发表时间：
1987-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
DECASTRO, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DECASTRO, JM
蛋白质，碳水化合物和脂肪摄入的自我评价情绪和随后的食物摄入的作用进行了研究，使用自发的食物摄入的自我报告。8名男性和30名女性本科生被要求列出他们吃的所有东西，当他们吃的时候，以及他们在摄入时的情绪。他们被要求在九天的时间里把这些条目写在日记里。在每餐开始时，用三个七分制量表对情绪进行评分：兴奋-抑郁，疲劳-精力充沛，焦虑-平静。用计算机分析计算每餐中蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪的量以及食物能量的总量和餐前和餐后的餐间间隔（IMIs）。在每餐开始和结束时胃中所含的每种常量营养素的能量含量和量用数学模型进行估计。这些数据，然后使用双变量和多变量技术相互关联。没有发现瞬间自我评价的情绪与先前的大量营养素摄入量有关，也没有预测随后的摄入量。长期大量营养素摄入量，平均超过9个记录天，被发现与平均情绪的主题。虽然没有发现摄入的大量营养素的绝对量和情绪之间的显着关系，显着的相关性之间的比例，每种大量营养素的饮食和整体自我评价的情绪。高比例的蛋白质摄入与抑郁症相关，高比例的碳水化合物摄入与能量相关，与抑郁症呈负相关。研究发现，报告的膳食模式反映了餐前调节，先前的IMI和餐前胃内容物可以预测膳食量。所有三种常量营养素的摄入量被发现通过其对摄入的总食物能量的贡献对随后的摄入量具有抑制作用。然而，发现蛋白质抑制随后的摄入量，而与其对总热量的贡献无关。脂肪被认为是抑制未来食物摄入的最有效的常量营养素。这些结果支持了一个结论，即大量营养素对随后的摄入量和情绪有不同的影响。
The role of protein, carbohydrate and fat ingestion on self-rated mood and subsequent food intake was investigated using self-reports of spontaneous food intake. Eight male and 30 female undergraduate students were instructed to list everything they ate, when they ate it, and their mood at the time of ingestion. They were asked to make these entries in a diary throughout a nine day period. Mood was rated at the beginning of each meal on three seven point scales; elated-depressed, tired-energetic, and anxious-tranquil. The amount of protein, carbohydrate, and fat as well as the total amount of food energy in each meal and the intermeal intervals (IMIs) prior to and following the meals were calculated with a computerized analysis. The energy content and the amount of each of the macronutrients contained in the stomach at the beginning and end of each meal was estimated with a mathematical model. These data were then intercorrelated using bivariate and multivariate techniques. Momentary self-rated mood was not found to be related to prior macronutrient intake nor was it predictive of subsequent intake. Long term macronutrient intake, averaged over the nine recording days, was found to be related to the averaged mood of the subjects. Although no significant relationships were found between the absolute amounts of the macronutrients ingested and mood, significant correlations were found between the proportion of each macronutrient in the diet and the overall self-rated mood. High proportionate protein intake correlated with depression and high proportionate carbohydrate intake correlated with energy and negatively with depression. The meal patterns reported were found to reflect preprandial regulation, with the prior IMI and the premeal stomach contents predictive of the meal size. The intake of all three macronutrients was found to have a suppressive effect on subsequent intake through their contributions to the total food energy ingested. Protein, however, was found to suppress subsequent intake independent of its contribution to total calories. Fat was found to be the least effective of the macronutrients in suppressing future food intake. These results support a conclusion that the macronutrients have differential effects on subsequent intake and mood.