An overheating criterion for bedrooms in temperate climates: Derivation and application
An overheating criterion for bedrooms in temperate climates: Derivation and application
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DOI：
10.1177/01436244231183113
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发表时间：
2023-06
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
K. Lomas;Matthew Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Lomas;Matthew Li
充足的睡眠对人类健康和福祉至关重要，夜间温度升高会降低睡眠质量。温带气候的欧洲国家使用25°C至28°C之间的温度阈值来识别过热的房屋。目前英国卧室的温度阈值为26°C，这是基于一项小型研究，该研究已经超过45年。一项广泛的文献综述表明，使用现代夏季床上用品和床上用品，可以轻松调节身体覆盖范围，夜间卧室温度高达约29°C，也可以实现热舒适性。在2018年英格兰有史以来最热的夏天，591间卧室的温度被重新分析。替代标准产生的夜间过热的患病率与所建立的自适应过热标准产生的患病率进行比较。对具有不同居住和家庭特征的房屋进行了比较。最后，根据平均夜间卧室温度提出了一个新的过热标准，阈值在26°C和29°C之间，具体取决于标准的应用。所选阈值的允许连续性限于5月至9月之间的7晚。对弱势家庭采用27°C的阈值，对其他家庭采用28°C的阈值，23%（550万）的英国家庭主卧室被认为在2018年炎热的夏天过热，远远低于使用当前英国卧室标准获得的69%。无论选择的阈值，有明确的，一致的和显着的差异，过热的流行取决于居住和家庭特征。建议的新过热标准适用于温带地区的无空调卧室。它试图在炎热的卧室将装有空调的风险和温度不利于“良好睡眠”的风险之间取得平衡。实际应用提出了一种新的过热标准来识别过热的卧室。它采用了常见的温度阈值和容许偏差格式。当人们在没有空调的卧室里睡觉时，它适用于温带气候。该标准旨在帮助解释动态热模型预测的夜间温度和现有卧室的温度测量。它适用于不同热敏感性的个人，新住宅的设计或现有住宅的翻新。通过进一步的测试和改进，它提供了一个可靠的替代CIBSE指南A，TM59和其他指南中给出的现有英国卧室标准。因此，它可以支持新的过热法规，第O部分，为新住宅的设计在英格兰。
Adequate sleep is crucial to human health and well-being and elevated night-time temperatures can degrade sleep quality. European countries with temperate climates use temperature thresholds between 25°C and 28°C to identify homes that are overheated. The current UK bedroom threshold of 26°C, is based on one small study, which is now over 45 years old. An extensive literature review indicated that with modern summertime bedding and bedwear, which enables body coverage to be easily adjusted, thermal comfort can be achieved for night-time bedroom temperatures up to approximately 29°C. Temperatures measured in 591 bedrooms during England’s hottest ever summer, 2018, are re-analysed. The prevalences of night-time overheating generated by alternative criteria are compared with the prevalences generated by the established adaptive overheating criterion. Comparisons are made for homes with different dwelling and household characteristics. Finally, a new overheating criterion is proposed based on the mean night-time bedroom temperature, with thresholds between 26°C and 29°C depending on the application of the criterion. The allowable exceedance of the chosen threshold is limited to seven nights between May and September. Adopting thresholds of 27°C for vulnerable households and 28°C for others, 23% (5.5 million) of the main bedrooms in English homes were deemed to be overheated in the hot summer of 2018, far fewer than the 69% obtained using the current UK bedroom criterion. Irrespective of the threshold chosen, there were clear, consistent and significant differences in overheating prevalence depending on dwelling and household characteristics. The proposed new overheating criterion is applicable to unconditioned bedrooms in temperate regions. It seeks to strike a balance between the risk that hot bedrooms will be air-conditioned and the risk of temperatures detrimental to a “good nights’ sleep”. Practical Application A new overheating criterion is proposed to identify overheated bedrooms. It adopts the familiar format of a temperature threshold and an allowable exceedance. It is applicable in temperate climates when people are asleep in unconditioned bedrooms. The criterion is intended to aid the interpretation of night-time temperatures predicted by dynamic thermal models and temperature measurements in existing bedrooms. It is applicable to individuals of different heat sensitivity, the design of new homes or the refurbishment of existing homes. With further testing and refinement, it offers a credible replacement to the existing UK bedroom criterion given in CIBSE Guide A, TM59 and in other guides. It can thus underpin the new overheating regulations, Part O, for the design of new dwellings in England.