A pH-driven transition of the cytoplasm from a fluid- to a solid-like state promotes entry into dormancy
A pH-driven transition of the cytoplasm from a fluid- to a solid-like state promotes entry into dormancy
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.09347
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发表时间：
2016-03-22
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Alberti, Simon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munder, Matthias Christoph;Midtvedt, Daniel;Alberti, Simon
当面临不利条件时，细胞可以进入休眠状态。然而，细胞如何进入和恢复这种状态仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了不同真核生物中的休眠，发现休眠与细胞器和外来示踪粒子的流动性显著降低有关。我们发现，这种流动性的降低是由质子的涌入和细胞质的显著酸化引起的，这导致了蛋白质的广泛大分子组装，并触发了细胞质向机械稳定性增加的类固体状态的转变。我们进一步证明，这种转变是细胞在饥饿条件下生存所必需的。我们的发现对理解不同的生理状态，如静止和休眠具有广泛的意义，并创造了一种新的观点，即细胞质是一种适应性流体，可以可逆地转变为保护性的类固体状态。
Cells can enter into a dormant state when faced with unfavorable conditions. However, how cells enter into and recover from this state is still poorly understood. Here, we study dormancy in different eukaryotic organisms and find it to be associated with a significant decrease in the mobility of organelles and foreign tracer particles. We show that this reduced mobility is caused by an influx of protons and a marked acidification of the cytoplasm, which leads to widespread macromolecular assembly of proteins and triggers a transition of the cytoplasm to a solid-like state with increased mechanical stability. We further demonstrate that this transition is required for cellular survival under conditions of starvation. Our findings have broad implications for understanding alternative physiological states, such as quiescence and dormancy, and create a new view of the cytoplasm as an adaptable fluid that can reversibly transition into a protective solid-like state.