Designing highly multiplex PCR primer sets with Simulated Annealing Design using Dimer Likelihood Estimation (SADDLE).

Designing highly multiplex PCR primer sets with Simulated Annealing Design using Dimer Likelihood Estimation (SADDLE).
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利用二聚体似然估计(SADDLE)模拟退火设计设计高度多重PCR引物。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-29500-4
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发表时间:
2022-04-11
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
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中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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设计高度多重PCR引物组的一个主要挑战是大量潜在的引物二聚体种类,其随着待设计的引物数量二次增长。同时,多重引物序列选择有指数级的选择,导致系统评价方法在计算上难以处理。在这里,我们提出并实验验证模拟退火设计使用二聚体似然估计(SADDLE),一种随机算法设计的多重PCR引物集,最大限度地减少引物二聚体的形成。在96重PCR引物组(192个引物)中,引物二聚体的分数从天然设计的引物组中的90.7%降低到我们优化的引物组中的4.9%。即使当缩放到384重(768个引物)时,优化的引物组保持低的二聚体分数。除了NGS之外,SADDLE设计的引物组也可以用于qPCR设置中,以允许高度多重检测cDNA中的基因融合,其中单管测定包含60个引物,检测在肺癌中反复观察到的56种不同的基因融合。随着新的突变和病原体的鉴定,设计高度多重PCR引物以扩增和富集许多不同的DNA序列在生物医学上的重要性日益增加。作者提出并通过实验验证了使用二聚体似然估计(SADDLE)的模拟退火设计,这是一种用于设计高度多重PCR引物集的随机算法,可最大限度地减少引物二聚体的形成。
One major challenge in the design of highly multiplexed PCR primer sets is the large number of potential primer dimer species that grows quadratically with the number of primers to be designed. Simultaneously, there are exponentially many choices for multiplex primer sequence selection, resulting in systematic evaluation approaches being computationally intractable. Here, we present and experimentally validate Simulated Annealing Design using Dimer Likelihood Estimation (SADDLE), a stochastic algorithm for design of multiplex PCR primer sets that minimize primer dimer formation. In a 96-plex PCR primer set (192 primers), the fraction of primer dimers decreases from 90.7% in a naively designed primer set to 4.9% in our optimized primer set. Even when scaling to 384-plex (768 primers), the optimized primer set maintains low dimer fraction. In addition to NGS, SADDLE-designed primer sets can also be used in qPCR settings to allow highly multiplexed detection of gene fusions in cDNA, with a single-tube assay comprising 60 primers detecting 56 distinct gene fusions recurrently observed in lung cancer. The design of highly multiplex PCR primers to amplify and enrich many different DNA sequences is increasing in biomedical importance as new mutations and pathogens are identified. The authors present and experimentally validate Simulated Annealing Design using Dimer Likelihood Estimation (SADDLE), a stochastic algorithm for design of highly multiplex PCR primer sets that minimize primer dimer formation.
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