High cancer risk from inhalation exposure to PAHs in Fenhe Plain in winter: A particulate size distribution-based study
High cancer risk from inhalation exposure to PAHs in Fenhe Plain in winter: A particulate size distribution-based study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116924
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发表时间：
2019-11
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Hongyan Li;Hongyu Li;Lu Zhang;Mingchao Cheng;Li-li Guo;Qiusheng He;Xinming Wang;Yuhang Wang-
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hongyan Li;Hongyu Li;Lu Zhang;Mingchao Cheng;Li-li Guo;Qiusheng He;Xinming Wang;Yuhang Wang-
汾河平原是典型的燃煤与焦化混合污染地区，大气污染严重，冬季尤为严重。为明确汾河平原冬季大气中多环芳烃（PAHs）的大小分布和健康风险，采用级联冲击器采集了可吸入气溶胶颗粒物（PM10），并对17种PAHs进行了分析。结果表明，北京市pm10结合多环芳烃的平均质量浓度为689.19 ng/m3，高于国内外许多城市。颗粒型多环芳烃主要分布在<0.95 μm粒径范围内，占总量的60%以上。在局地排放、低温、低强度太阳辐射、干燥大气和开尔文效应的综合影响下，萘（Nap）呈双峰分布，其余17种多环芳烃均呈近单峰分布。风和湿度是影响多环芳烃大小分布的重要因素。发散系数（CD）分析结果表明，各尺度的多环芳烃源因子贡献具有较高的空间异质性，但诊断率表明各尺度的多环芳烃源相似。健康风险评估发现，接触微粒多环芳烃的终生癌症风险为1693.76 百万分之一。颗粒型多环芳烃的总致癌性以超细颗粒（<0.95 μm）为主，而苯并(a)芘（BaP）、二苯并（a,h）蒽（DahA）、苯并(b)荧光蒽（BbF）、苯并(a)蒽（BaA）、苯并(k)荧光蒽（BkF）和吲哚（1,2,3-cd）芘（IcdP）是主要致癌性成分。交通尾气对致癌物多环芳烃的贡献最大，其次是燃煤和炼焦。本研究可为汾河平原的污染控制和居民健康保护提供参考，并为该重点地区向国际其他地区的多环芳烃流出量估算提供更合理的参数化。
Fenhe Plain is a typical region polluted combinedly by coal combustion and coking activities with serious air pollution problem, especially in winter. In order to clarify the size distribution and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in winter of the Fenhe Plain, the respirable aerosol particles (PM10) were collected by cascade impactor, and 17 PAHs were analyzed. The results showed that the average mass concentration of PM10-bound PAHs was 689.19 ng/m3, which was higher than that in many other domestic and overseas cities. The particulate PAHs mainly distributed in the <0.95 μm size range, accounting for more than 60% of the total. Under the combined influence of local emissions, low temperature, low intensity of solar radiation, dry atmosphere and Kelvin effect, naphthalene (Nap) displayed a bimodal distribution, while the rest of the 17 PAHs all followed a nearly unimodal size distribution. Wind and humidity were important factors which could influence the size distribution of PAHs. Coefficient of divergence (CD) analysis showed that PAHs between all of the sizes had a high spatial heterogeneity in source factor contributions, although diagnostic ratio indicated similar sources among them. Health risk assessment found that the lifetime cancer risk of exposure to particulate PAHs was 1693.76 parts per million people. Ultrafine particles (<0.95 μm) predominated the total carcinogenicity of the particulate PAHs, while benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DahA), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IcdP) were the major carcinogenic components. Traffic exhausts contributed most to the carcinogenic PAHs, followed by coal combustion and coking. Our study can provide reference for the pollution control and residential health protection in Fenhe Plain, and bring more reasonable parameterizations to the estimation of PAHs outflow from this key region to other international regions.