Does co-transcriptional regulation of alternative splicing mediate plant stress responses?
Does co-transcriptional regulation of alternative splicing mediate plant stress responses?
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DOI：
10.1093/nar/gkz121
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发表时间：
2019-04-08
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
Syed, Naeem H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jabre, Ibtissam;Reddy, Anireddy S. N.;Syed, Naeem H.
在正常和胁迫条件下，植物对基因表达表现出精确的控制，以引起适当的反应。前体mRNA的选择性剪接（AS）是一个从多外显子基因产生两个或多个转录本的过程，增加了另一层调控来微调动物和植物中的条件特异性基因表达。然而，植物究竟如何控制剪接异构体的比例和这种调节的时间，以响应环境信号仍然难以捉摸。在哺乳动物中，最近的证据表明，表观遗传和表观转录组的变化，如DNA甲基化，染色质修饰和RNA甲基化，调节RNA聚合酶II的持续合成能力，共转录剪接，剪接异构体的稳定性和翻译效率。在植物中，表观遗传修饰在调节逆境下转录速率和mRNA丰度方面的作用开始显现。然而，表观遗传和表转录组修饰调节AS和翻译效率的机制需要进一步研究。在染色质景观响应压力的动态变化可能提供一个支架周围的基因表达，AS和翻译编排。最后，我们讨论了基于CRISPR/Cas的染色质结构工程策略，以操纵AS模式（或剪接异构体水平），从而深入了解AS的表观遗传调控。
Plants display exquisite control over gene expression to elicit appropriate responses under normal and stress conditions. Alternative splicing (AS) of pre-mRNAs, a process that generates two or more transcripts from multi-exon genes, adds another layer of regulation to fine-tune condition-specific gene expression in animals and plants. However, exactly how plants control splice isoform ratios and the timing of this regulation in response to environmental signals remains elusive. In mammals, recent evidence indicate that epigenetic and epitranscriptome changes, such as DNA methylation, chromatin modifications and RNA methylation, regulate RNA polymerase II processivity, co-transcriptional splicing, and stability and translation efficiency of splice isoforms. In plants, the role of epigenetic modifications in regulating transcription rate and mRNA abundance under stress is beginning to emerge. However, the mechanisms by which epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications regulate AS and translation efficiency require further research. Dynamic changes in the chromatin landscape in response to stress may provide a scaffold around which gene expression, AS and translation are orchestrated. Finally, we discuss CRISPR/Cas-based strategies for engineering chromatin architecture to manipulate AS patterns (or splice isoforms levels) to obtain insight into the epigenetic regulation of AS.