Laminar flame speeds of DEMP, DMMP, and TEP added to H2- and CH4-air mixtures
Laminar flame speeds of DEMP, DMMP, and TEP added to H2- and CH4-air mixtures
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DOI：
10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.042
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
T. Sikes;O. Mathieu;W. Kulatilaka;M. Mannan;E. Petersen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Sikes;O. Mathieu;W. Kulatilaka;M. Mannan;E. Petersen
有机磷化合物（OPCs）长期以来一直被认为具有显著的灭火能力，但由于毒性问题而被哈龙1301超越。最近对寻找哈龙1301替代品的兴趣促使人们重新考虑OPCs。为了更好地理解OPCs抑制火焰的机制，需要更多关于它们如何通过化学动力学与燃料/空气混合物相互作用的信息。在本研究中，将甲基膦酸二甲酯（DMMP）、甲基膦酸二乙酯（DEMP）和磷酸三甲酯（TEP）添加到氢/空气和甲烷/空气混合物中，分别在混合物总体积的0.1%和0.3% （DMMP）下评估它们的抑制能力。层流火焰速度实验在一个光学跟踪，球形扩展火焰设置在1atm和120°C。得到的层流火焰速度数据是首次使用这些化合物记录的。结果表明，在0.1%的甲烷/空气母质混合物中，所有OPCs的层流火焰速度下降了30%，层流火焰速度曲线作为等效比的函数，比未掺杂混合物更宽。对于氢/空气混合物，OPCs的区别在于其抑制效果随着碳含量的增加而增加，即TEP（总体减少15%） > DEMP（13%） > DMMP（9%）。OPCs对氢气/空气的影响也随等效比的增加而增加，但对甲烷/空气的影响则是非单调的。层流火焰速度的降低相当于哈龙1301浓度的两倍，是先前研究的哈龙1301替代品的10倍。这些结果对于改善现有的OPC化学动力学机制是理想的，并且可能的应用包括灭火技术和危险OPC化合物的破坏。
Organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) have long been known to have significant fire suppression capabilities but were outclassed by Halon 1301 due to toxicity concerns. Recent interest in finding replacements for Halon 1301 has provided an impetus to reconsider OPCs. To better understand the mechanism by which OPCs suppress flames, more information about how they interact with fuel/air mixtures via chemical kinetics is needed. In this study, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), diethyl methylphosphonate (DEMP), and trimethyl phosphate (TEP) were added to hydrogen/air and methane/air mixtures to assess their suppression capabilities at 0.1% and 0.3% (DMMP only) of the total mixture volume. Laminar flame speed experiments were performed in an optically tracked, spherically expanding flame setup at 1 atm and 120 °C. The resulting laminar flame speed data are the first to be recorded using these compounds. Results show a 30% decrease in laminar flame speed for all OPCs at 0.1% on the methane/air parent mixture, and the laminar flame speed curves, as a function of equivalence ratio, tend to be broader than for un-doped mixtures. For the hydrogen/air mixtures, the OPCs differentiate themselves by having an increasing suppression effect corresponding with higher carbon moiety, i.e., TEP (15% overall reduction) > DEMP (13%) > DMMP (9%). The OPCs also have an increasing effect with increasing equivalence ratio on hydrogen/air, but with methane/air, they have a non-monotonic effect. The reduction of laminar flame speeds is comparable to twice the concentration of Halon 1301 and 10 times as much for previously investigated Halon 1301 replacements. These results are ideal for improving existing OPC chemical kinetics mechanisms, and possible applications include both fire suppression technologies and destruction of dangerous OPC compounds.