Gifted Children with ADHD: How Are They Different from Non-gifted Children with ADHD?
Gifted Children with ADHD: How Are They Different from Non-gifted Children with ADHD?
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患有多动症的天才儿童：他们与患有多动症的非天才儿童有何不同？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
M. Griffiths
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Gomez;V. Stavropoulos;A. Vance;M. Griffiths
本研究的重点是有和无注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的天才儿童的注意力不集中和多动/冲动的差异。采用《儿童焦虑障碍访谈表》（adiscc - iv）和《韦氏儿童智力量表-第四版》进行临床评估，将公共门诊儿童服务的参与者（男孩= 359，女孩= 148），平均年龄10.60岁（SD = 3.08岁）分为四组：多动症（N = 350），天才（N = 15），天才/多动症（N = 18）和临床对照组（N = 124）。adhd症状和正常行为量表的优缺点从维度上评估注意力不集中和多动/冲动的变化。与天才/多动症组相比，多动症组在注意力不集中方面得分更高，在多动/冲动方面得分也相当。对于大多数症状，ADHD组（有天赋或无天赋）的评分高于非ADHD组（对照组和有天赋但没有ADHD）。研究结果似乎表明：(1)ADHD在有天赋的儿童中是一种有效的诊断，(2)有天赋的儿童可能比没有天赋的ADHD儿童更容易注意力不集中，(3)有天赋的ADHD儿童在特定的多动和冲动行为方面似乎与没有天赋的ADHD儿童不同。这些发现的实际意义是，临床医生在诊断高智商儿童的多动症时，可能希望关注这些症状。
The present study focused on inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity differences of gifted children with and without attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Based on clinical assessment utilizing the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for Children (ADISC-IV) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Fourth Edition, attendees of a public outpatient child service (boys = 359, girls = 148), with mean age 10.60 years (SD = 3.08 years), were allocated into four groups: ADHD (N = 350), gifted (N = 15), gifted/ADHD (N = 18), and clinical controls (N = 124). The Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-Symptoms and Normal Behavior Scale dimensionally assessed inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity variations. Compared to the gifted/ADHD group, the ADHD group had higher scores for inattention and comparable scores for hyperactivity/impulsivity. For most symptoms, the ADHD groups (gifted or not) rated higher than the non-ADHD groups (control and gifted without ADHD). Findings appeared to indicate that (i) ADHD is a valid diagnosis among children who are gifted, (ii) gifted children might tend to be less inattentive than non-gifted ADHD children, and (iii) ADHD-gifted children appear to differ from the non-ADHD-gifted children with regard to specific hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. The practical implication of these findings is that clinicians may wish to focus on these symptoms when diagnosing ADHD among children with high intelligence.