The multi-process reaction model and underlying mechanisms of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol removal in lab-scale biochar-microorganism augmented ZVI PRBs and field-scale PRBs performance
The multi-process reaction model and underlying mechanisms of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol removal in lab-scale biochar-microorganism augmented ZVI PRBs and field-scale PRBs performance
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实验室规模生物炭微生物中去除 2,4,6-三氯苯酚的多过程反应模型和基本机制增强了 ZVI PRB 和现场规模 PRB 的性能
DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2022.118422
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Yulin Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wenbing Wang;Tiantian Gong;Hui Li;Yiming Liu;Qianling Dong;Rixia Zan;Yulin Wu
本研究开发了海藻酸钙（CA）包埋零价铁（ZVI@CA）和CA包埋生物炭（BC）固定化微生物（BC&Cell@CA）凝胶球，作为传统Fe 0渗透反应屏障的替代物，用于处理受2，4，6-三氯苯酚（2，4，6-TCP）污染的地下水。构建了实验室规模和现场规模的生物炭-微生物强化PRB（Bio-PRB）。通过多源数据校准的多过程反应模型、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X射线衍射（XRD）和高通量测序揭示了潜在的机制。此外，采用校正后的对流-弥散（a）模型、双点吸附（Kd）模型和化学-生物多过程反应（λ）模型对2，4，6-TCP的迁移行为进行了研究，并对生物PRB进行了优化。与ZVI@CA体系（0.004 h-1）相比，2，4，6-TCP的反应速率（0.011 h-1）提高了175%。此外，化学-生物强化显著提高了生物PRB对2，4，6-TCP的阻滞效果。结果表明，化学-生物强化显著降低了2，4，6-TCP在实验室一维生物PRB中的分散度a（0.53 ~ 0.20 cm），增加了2，4，6-TCP在实验室一维生物PRB中的分配系数Kd（2.20 ~ 19.00 cm ~ 3 mg ~（-1）），增加了反应速率λ（2.40 ~ 3.60 d ~（-1）），增加了2，4，6-TCP在实验室一维生物PRB中的一级动力学吸附比例（30%~ 80%）。此外，多功能细菌脱硫菌是至关重要的铁（III）的铁氧化物的转化。ZVI@CA凝胶珠的加入提高了反应液中古菌的多样性和丰富度。在此基础上，设计了现场规模的反应系统，对某农药厂地下水中氯代有机物和苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯污染物进行了修复试验。现场试验结果表明，构建垂直反应柱或水平生物PRB是一种很有前途的技术，可以有效地修复实际污染的地下水。
This work developed calcium alginate (CA) embedded zero-valent iron (ZVI@CA) and CA embedded biochar (BC) immobilized microorganism (BC&Cell@CA) gel beads as alternative to conventional Fe0permeable reactive barriers for treating groundwater contaminated with 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP). Lab-scale and field-scale biochar-microorganism augmented PRBs (Bio-PRBs) were constructed and tested. The underlying mechanisms were revealed by a multi-source data calibrated multi-process reaction model, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-throughput sequencing. Moreover, calibrated advection-dispersion (a) coupled with the two-site sorption (Kd) and chemical-biological multi-process reaction (λ) model were used for revealing 2,4,6-TCP transport behavior and optimizing Bio-PRBs. Compared to that in the ZVI@CA (0.004 h–1) system, the reaction rate (0.011 h–1) of 2,4,6-TCP increased by 175% in the combined chemical-biological batch system. Moreover, chemical-biological augmentation significantly improved the retardation effect of Bio-PRBs for 2,4,6-TCP. It came from that chemical-biological augmentation significantly decreased the dispersivitya(0.53 to 0.20 cm), and increased the distribution coefficientKd(2.20 to 19.00 cm3mg–1), the reaction rateλ(2.40 to 3.60 day–1), and the fraction (30% to 80%) of first-order kinetic sorption of 2,4,6-TCP in the lab-scale one-dimensional Bio-PRBs. Moreover, versatile functional bacteriaDesulfitobacteriumwas crucial in the transformation of Fe (III) iron oxides. The diversity and richness of archaea in the reaction solution were improved by ZVI@CA gel beads addition. Furthermore, the field-scale reaction system was designed to remediate the chlorinated organic compounds and Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene & Xylene contaminated groundwater in a pesticide factory site. The field test results demonstrated it is a promising technology to construct vertical reaction columns or horizontal Bio-PRBs for the efficient remediation of actually contaminated groundwater.