Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus
Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus
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DOI：
10.1128/cmr.13.1.16
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发表时间：
2000-01
影响因子：
36.8
通讯作者：
M. Dinges;Paul M. Orwin;P. Schlievert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Dinges;Paul M. Orwin;P. Schlievert
本文综述了金黄色葡萄球菌表达的两种外毒素：致热毒素超抗原（PTSAgs）和溶血素的结构和功能。PTSAg毒性的分子基础是在已知由这些外毒素引起的两种疾病的背景下提出的：中毒性休克综合征和葡萄球菌食物中毒。葡萄球菌PTSAg家族目前包括中毒性休克综合征毒素-1（TSST-1）和大多数葡萄球菌肠毒素（SE）（SEA、SEB、SEC、SED、SEE、SEG和SEH）。顾名思义，PTSAg是多功能蛋白质，其总是表现出致死活性、致热原性、超抗原性和诱导对内毒素的致死超敏反应的能力。一种或多种葡萄球菌PTSAg表现出的其他特性包括催吐活性（SE）和穿透粘膜屏障（TSST-1）。葡萄球菌溶血素的毒性的分子机制的详细审查。
SUMMARY This article reviews the literature regarding the structure and function of two types of exotoxins expressed by Staphylococcus aureus, pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) and hemolysins. The molecular basis of PTSAg toxicity is presented in the context of two diseases known to be caused by these exotoxins: toxic shock syndrome and staphylococcal food poisoning. The family of staphylococcal PTSAgs presently includes toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) and most of the staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, SEE, SEG, and SEH). As the name implies, the PTSAgs are multifunctional proteins that invariably exhibit lethal activity, pyrogenicity, superantigenicity, and the capacity to induce lethal hypersensitivity to endotoxin. Other properties exhibited by one or more staphylococcal PTSAgs include emetic activity (SEs) and penetration across mucosal barriers (TSST-1). A detailed review of the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of the staphylococcal hemolysins is also presented.