Effect of perspective taking on the cognitive representation of persons: A merging of self and other
Effect of perspective taking on the cognitive representation of persons: A merging of self and other
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.70.4.713
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发表时间：
1996-04-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Luce, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, MH;Conklin, L;Luce, C
两个实验考察了视角选择导致观察者创建与观察者自己的自我表征基本重叠的他人认知表征的可能性。在实验1中，接受角色扮演指导的观察者更有可能将特征归因于他们(观察者)早先指出的自我描述的新目标。然而，这种模式在正价性状中最为明显。在实验2中，一些参与者接受了角色扮演指令，但也被分配了一项分散注意力的记忆任务。在没有这项任务的情况下，角色扮演再次在自我表征和目标表征之间产生了更大的重叠--主要是在积极特质上。在记忆任务的存在下，无论价态如何，所有性状的自我目标重叠程度都显著降低。对这些发现的可能解释进行了讨论。
Two experiments examined the possibility that perspective taking leads observers to create cognitive representations of others that substantially overlap with the observers' own self-representations. In Experiment 1 observers receiving role-taking instructions were more likely to ascribe traits to a novel target that they (observers) had earlier indicated were self-descriptive. This pattern was most pronounced, however, for positively valenced traits. In Experiment 2 some participants received role-taking instructions but were also given a distracting memory task. In the absence of this task, role taking again produced greater overlap-primarily for positive traits-between self- and target representations. In the presence of the memory task, the degree of self-target overlap was significantly reduced for all traits, regardless of valence. Possible explanations for these findings are discussed.