Influence of dietary yeasts on Drosophila melanogaster life-history traits
Influence of dietary yeasts on Drosophila melanogaster life-history traits
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.00997.x
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Rohlfs, Marko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anagnostou, Christiana;Dorsch, Monika;Rohlfs, Marko
生物的适应性高度依赖于资源质量。腐生菌的饮食通常由多种微生物组成。众所周知，黑腹果蝇（双翅目：果蝇科）以多种酵母为食，包括幼虫和成虫。昆虫所遇到的酵母在成分和质量上可能不同，因此它们对幼虫和成虫的表现有不同的影响。我们的研究探讨了幼虫饮食对选择的幼虫和成虫特征的生活史影响，以及幼虫和成虫的食物选择和产卵行为。所选择的酵母菌种类可以影响黑腹霉的一些生活史特征，如存活率、发育时间和成虫体重。此外，最初饲喂的酵母生物量显著影响幼虫的发育时间和成虫的体重，这种影响取决于提供的酵母种类。不同饲养密度下，酵母对幼虫的适合度性状也有一定的影响。幼虫表现出对那些已经显示出支持大多数测量的生活史特征的酵母物种的偏好。另一方面，成年人则表现出不同的偏好。与我们基于偏好-性能假设的预期相反，雌性成年苍蝇不喜欢在接种了酵母的基质上产卵，这些酵母已被证明有利于幼虫的发育时间。人们正在讨论这种看似“坏妈妈”行为的可能原因。
An organism's fitness is highly dependent on resource quality. The diet of saprobiotic organisms often comprises a variety of microorganisms. Saprophagous Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is known to feed on various yeast species, both as larva and adult. The yeasts encountered by the insects may differ in composition and quality, and thus in their influence on larval and adult performance. Our study explores life-history consequences of larval diet on selected larval and adult traits, as well as larval and adult food choice and egg-laying behaviour. The chosen yeast species could be shown to influence several life-history traits of D. melanogaster, such as survival, development time, and adult body weight. Additionally, the amount of yeast biomass initially fed to the larvae significantly influenced development time and adult body weight, whereby the effect depended on the yeast species offered. There were also yeast-specific influences on the measured fitness traits when larvae were reared at different densities. Larvae exhibited a preference for those yeast species that had shown to favour most of the measured life-history traits. Adults, on the other hand, exhibited a different preference. Contrary to our expectation based on the preference-performance hypothesis, female adult flies did not prefer to lay their eggs on substrates inoculated with yeast species that had been shown to favourably influence larval development time. Possible reasons for this seemingly 'bad mother'-behaviour are being discussed.