GUSTATORY RESPONSES OF A SPECIALIST AND A GENERALIST GRASSHOPPER TO TERPENOIDS OF ARTEMISIA-LUDOVICIANA
GUSTATORY RESPONSES OF A SPECIALIST AND A GENERALIST GRASSHOPPER TO TERPENOIDS OF ARTEMISIA-LUDOVICIANA
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00343623
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发表时间：
1987-09-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
HOPKINS, TL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BLUST, MH;HOPKINS, TL
Hypochlora alba（道奇）是一种专业蚱蜢，生活和饲料几乎完全对鼠尾草刷蒿ludoviciana坚果，一种大多数被多面手蚱蜢所避免的植物。通过气相色谱-质谱法分析叶、种子头和腺毛，发现1，8-桉叶素、樟脑和丁香是主要的单萜，而阿齐灵是主要的倍半萜内酯。这些萜类化合物在生长季节增加，并在种子头比在叶子中更集中的两到五倍。味觉选择试验表明，H. alba存在于A. ludoviciana和A. carruthii Wood是与H. alba将以非宿主物种A.小叶蕨在主要含有单萜烃的馏分中发现了这种刺激活性。其它含倍半萜内酯的组分均具有拒食活性。血足动物。Achillin测试显示平均叶面水平（约。2%干重）高于通才的拒绝阈值（0.5%），但低于专科的拒绝阈值（4%）。生殖组织中含有的平均水平更高（约。7%）的排斥阈值。
Hypochlora alba (Dodge) is a specialist grasshopper that lives and feeds almost exclusively on the sage brush Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt., a plant mostly avoided by the generalist grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabr.). Analysis of leaves, seed heads, and glandular trichomes by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed 1,8-cineole, camphor and borneol to be the major monoterpenes and achillin the major sesquiterpene lactone. These terpenoids increased over the growing season and were two to five times more concentrated in the seed heads than in the leaves. Gustatory choice tests showed a feeding stimulant(s) for H. alba to be present in extracts of A. ludoviciana and A. carruthii Wood, a closely related species that H. alba will feed upon, but not in a non-host species, A. filifolia Torr. This stimulant activity was found in a fraction containing primarily monoterpene hydrocarbons. Other fractions containing sesquiterpene lactones had antifeedant activity against M. sanguinipes. Tests with achillin showed the average foliar levels (ca. 2% dry weight) to be above the rejection theshold of the generalist (0.5%) but below that of the specialist (4%). Reproductive tissue contained average levels greater (ca. 7%) than the rejection threshold of either species.