Molecular evidence for multiple origins of Insectivora and for a new order of endemic African insectivore mammals
Molecular evidence for multiple origins of Insectivora and for a new order of endemic African insectivore mammals
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.17.9967
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发表时间：
1998-08-18
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Springer, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stanhope, MJ;Waddell, VG;Springer, MS
关于食虫目哺乳动物的传统观点是，该类群源自同一个共同祖先，由以下科组成：鼩鼱科、马齿苋科、鼩鼱科、鼹鼠科、刺猬科和金鼹科。在这里，我们提出了一项分子分析，其中包括所有 6 个食虫动物科的代表，以及代表有袋动物、单孔类动物和除两个目以外的所有胎盘哺乳动物的 37 个其他类群。这些数据来自线粒体 12S rRNA、tRNA-缬氨酸和 16S rRNA 基因的完整序列 (2.6 kb)。多种不同的系统发育分析方法将马岛猬和金鼹鼠（均为非洲特有）归为一个由大象、海牛、蹄类、土豚和象鼩组成的全非洲总支，排除了其他四个食虫动物科。统计分析拒绝了单系食虫目的观点以及食虫亚目Soricomorpha的传统概念。这些发现得到了此处介绍的几个核基因的序列分析的支持：VWF、A2AB 和 α-β 血红蛋白。这些结果要求对食虫目进行划分，并将两个非洲科（金鼹鼠和马岛猬）置于新的目中。非洲总目进化枝现在包括六目胎盘哺乳动物。
The traditional views regarding the mammalian order Insectivora are that the group descended from a single common ancestor and that it is comprised of the following families: Soricidae (shrews), Tenrecidae (tenrecs), Solenodontidae (solenodons), Talpidae (moles), Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures), and Chrysochloridae (golden moles). Here we present a molecular analysis that includes representatives of all six families of insectivores, as well as 37 other taxa representing marsupials, monotremes, and all but two orders of placental mammals. These data come from complete sequences of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA, tRNA-Valine, and 16S rRNA genes (2.6 kb). A wide range of different methods of phylogenetic analysis groups the tenrecs and golden moles (both endemic to Africa) in an all-African superordinal clade comprised of elephants, sirenians, hyracoids, aardvark, and elephant shrews, to the exclusion of the other four remaining families of insectivores. Statistical analyses reject the idea of a monophyletic Insectivora as well as traditional concepts of the insectivore suborder Soricomorpha. These findings are supported by sequence analyses of several nuclear genes presented here: VWF, A2AB, and alpha-beta hemoglobin. These results require that the order Insectivora be partitioned and that the two African families (golden moles and tenrecs) be placed in a new order. The African superordinal clade now includes six orders of placental mammals.