Seasonal changes in gut microbiota diversity and composition in the greater horseshoe bat
Seasonal changes in gut microbiota diversity and composition in the greater horseshoe bat
复制标题
大马蹄蝠肠道微生物群多样性和组成的季节性变化
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.02247
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Fang Jiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiao Guohong;Liu Sen;Xiao Yanhong;Zhu Yue;Zhao Hanbo;Li Aoqiang;Li Zhongle;Fang Jiang
大量的微生物寄居在动物的肠道里。肠道微生物群在营养代谢中起着重要作用，并影响宿主的许多生理机制。研究表明，季节性冬眠的哺乳动物肠道微生物会发生季节性变化。然而，这些研究仅针对地松鼠和熊。目前还不清楚冬眠如何影响蝙蝠的肠道微生物。在这项研究中，我们测量了在不同时期（早春，初夏，夏末，麻木，和interbout觉醒）的微生物多样性和组成的Rhinolophus ferrumequinum肠道使用16 S核糖体RNA基因扩增测序和PICRUSt预测功能概况。我们发现，季节性变化的多样性和组成的肠道微生物在R。铁甲喹。肠道菌群的多样性在夏末最高，初夏最低。变形菌门的相对丰度在初夏最高，在其他时期显着降低。厚壁菌门的相对丰度在初夏最低，在夏末显著增加，然后在初冬和早春显著降低。与其他时间段相比，在早春的相对丰度显着较高的Tenericutes。PICRUSt的功能预测结果显示，代谢相关途径的相对丰度存在季节性变化，包括脂质代谢、碳水化合物代谢和能量代谢。碳水化合物代谢的功能类别有显着较低的相对丰度，在初冬-休眠与夏末相比，而那些与脂质代谢有显着较高的相对丰度，在初冬与夏末相比。总之，我们的研究结果表明，与冬眠相关的季节性生理变化改变了R。铁甲喹。冬眠也可能改变肠道微生物的代谢功能，可能是通过将肠道微生物菌群从碳水化合物相关的功能类别转换为脂质相关的功能类别。这项研究加深了我们对冬眠哺乳动物和肠道微生物之间共生关系的理解。
A large number of microorganisms colonize the intestines of animals. The gut microbiota plays an important role in nutrient metabolism and affects a number of physiological mechanisms in the host. Studies have shown that seasonal changes occur in the intestinal microbes of mammals that hibernate seasonally. However, these studies only focused on ground squirrels and bears. It remains unclear how hibernation might affect the intestinal microbes of bats. In this study, we measured microbial diversity and composition in the gut of Rhinolophus ferrumequinum in different periods (early spring, early summer, late summer, torpor, and interbout arousal) using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing and PICRUSt to predict functional profiles. We found seasonal changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbes in R. ferrumequinum. The diversity of gut microbiota was highest in the late summer and lowest in the early summer. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was highest in the early summer and significantly lower in other periods. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was lowest in the early summer and significantly increased in the late summer, followed by a significant decrease in the early winter and early spring. The relative abundance of Tenericutes was significantly higher in the early spring compared with other periods. The results of functional prediction by PICRUSt showed seasonal variations in the relative abundance of metabolism-related pathways, including lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy metabolism. Functional categories for carbohydrate metabolism had significantly lower relative abundance in early winter-torpor compared with late summer, while those associated with lipid metabolism had significantly higher relative abundance in the early winter compared with late summer. Overall, our results show that seasonal physiological changes associated with hibernation alter the gut microbial community of R. ferrumequinum. Hibernation may also alter the metabolic function of intestinal microbes, possibly by converting the gut microflora from carbohydrate-related to lipid-related functional categories. This study deepens our understanding of the symbiosis between hibernating mammals and gut microbes.