Audio Watermarking based on Amplitude Modulation and Modulation Masking
Audio Watermarking based on Amplitude Modulation and Modulation Masking
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基于调幅和调制掩蔽的音频水印
DOI：
10.1145/2598908.2598915
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Akira Nishimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Nishii;K. Matsushima;Akira Nishimura
根据信息隐藏标准委员会提出的评价标准，对基于幅度调制（AM）的音频水印系统进行了测试。在相对低的调制频率下，以与相邻子带信号相反的相位施加的正弦AM被用作嵌入信息的载波。嵌入的信息以应用于几组子带信号的AM之间的相对相位差的形式被编码。计算机仿真实验结果表明，该算法对音频的鲁棒性和客观音质的影响是可以容忍的，并且在强制攻击（DA/AD转换和MP3编码）和可选攻击（带通滤波、MP3级联编码、MPEG4 AAC编码）下都能保持水印的可检测性。
An audio watermarking system based on amplitude modulation (AM) is tested under the evaluation criteria proposed by the Information Hiding Criteria committee. Sinusoidal AMs at relatively low modulation frequencies, applied in opposite phase to neighboring subband signals, are used as the carrier of embedded information. The embedded information is encoded in the form of the relative phase differences between the AMs applied to several groups of subband signals. Results of computer simulation to test robustness and objective sound quality of stego audio showed that the quality degradation caused by the watermarking was tolerable and the detectability of the watermark under mandatory attack tests (DA/AD conversion and MP3 coding) and optional attack tests (bandpass filtering, tandem MP3 coding, MPEG4AAC coding) was sufficiently maintained.