Sustainable Conversion of Lignocellulose to High-Purity, Highly Crystalline Flake Potato Graphite
Sustainable Conversion of Lignocellulose to High-Purity, Highly Crystalline Flake Potato Graphite
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DOI：
10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02799
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Wagner, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Banek, Nathan A.;Abele, Dustin T.;Wagner, Michael J.
报道了生物质热解生产生物油的副产物生物炭的碳净负转化为高纯度(99.95%)、高结晶度的鳞片石墨，其本质上与高品位的商业锂离子级石墨没有区别。石墨片的大小由嵌入在生物炭中的金属颗粒的物理尺寸决定，显示在微米到毫米的范围内。当石墨片直径在1-5微米范围内时，会产生“土豆”状的石墨片凝聚体。这一过程被证明适用于各种生物质，包括原始木质纤维素(木屑、木粉和玉米芯)和生物质成分(纤维素和木质素)，以及褐煤。合成速度极快，能源效率极高(0.25公斤/千瓦时)；石墨的产量非常高(95.7%)，其副产品生物油的能量含量超过了为该过程提供动力所需的能量。展示的工艺是石墨生产可持续性方面的巨大进步，目前石墨生产是商业开采或合成的，对环境的影响非常高，并产生了一种增值产品，可以在经济上有利于碳中性生物油的生产。
The carbon net negative conversion of biochar, the byproduct of pyrolysis bio-oil production from biomass, to very high-purity (99.95%), highly crystalline flake graphite that is essentially indistinguishable from high-grade commercial Li-ion grade graphite, is reported. The flake size of the graphite is determined by the physical dimensions of the metal particles imbedded in the biochar, demonstrated in the range of micrometers to millimeters. "Potato"-shaped agglomerates of graphite flakes result when the flake diameter is in the 1-5 mu m range. The process is shown to work with a variety of biomass, including raw lignocellulose (sawdust, wood flour, and corn cob) and biomass components (cellulose and lignin), as well as lignite. The synthesis is extremely rapid and energy efficient (0.25 kg/kWh); the graphite is produced with a very high yield (95.7%), and the energy content of its coproduct, bio-oil, exceeds that needed to power the process. The demonstrated process is a tremendous advance in the sustainability of graphite production, currently commercially mined or synthesized with very high environmental impacts, and results in a value-added product that could economically advantage carbon-neutral bio-oil production.