Influence of alpine vegetation on water storage and discharge functions in an alpine headwater of Northern Japan Alps
Influence of alpine vegetation on water storage and discharge functions in an alpine headwater of Northern Japan Alps
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DOI：
10.1016/j.hydroa.2022.100146
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
M. Fujino;K. Sakakibara;M. Tsujimura;Keisuke Suzuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Fujino;K. Sakakibara;M. Tsujimura;Keisuke Suzuki
山区为低海拔地区提供了丰富的水资源，高寒地区是水资源的主要补给区，了解高寒地区的储水和排水过程具有重要意义。在蓄水方面，高寒地区的沉积构造（如土垄和冰碛）起蓄水层的作用。然而，植被的功能被认为有助于森林流域的水补给和储存，很少被调查。因此，我们评估了高寒植被对高寒地区蓄水过程的影响。2019年8月17日和10月5日，在日本北部阿尔卑斯山的Norikura山的高山源头进行了两次密集的实地调查。化学分析进行了雨水，融雪水，径流水从裸露和植被集水区。在此基础上，进行了双组分分离，计算了降水和地下水组分对径流的贡献。研究结果表明，植被覆盖的流域径流与风化层的接触时间较长，地下水在径流中的贡献较大。随着各流域植被面积与裸地面积之比的增加，地下水组分的贡献有增加的趋势，表明植被区具有更高的蓄水功能。换句话说，由于植被土壤的存在，与粗颗粒沉积物占主导地位的光秃秃的地区相比，地下水流应该更慢。因此，高寒植被区比高寒光秃区具有更高的蓄水功能。
As mountainous areas provide abundant water resources to lower elevations, and alpine zones are major recharge areas for water resources, it is important to understand water storage and discharge processes in these zones. Regarding water storage, sedimentary structures (e.g., talus and moraines) in alpine zones function as aquifers. However, the functions of vegetation, thought to contribute to water recharge and storage in forested watersheds, have rarely been investigated. Accordingly, we evaluated the influence of alpine vegetation on water storage processes in alpine zones. Two intensive field surveys were conducted on August 17 and October 5, 2019, in the alpine headwaters of Mt. Norikura in the Northern Japan Alps. Chemical analyses were conducted of rainwater, snowmelt water, and runoff water from bare and vegetated catchments. From the results, a two-component separation was conducted to calculate the contributions of precipitation and groundwater components to runoff water. Our results implied that runoff water from vegetated catchments was in contact with the regolith for longer, with the contribution of groundwater being higher in this runoff water. Moreover, the groundwater component contribution tended to increase as the ratio of vegetation area to bare area in each catchment increased, suggesting a higher water storage function for vegetated areas. In other words, the subsurface water flow should be slower in vegetated areas due to the presence of vegetated soils compared to bare areas where coarse-grained sediments are dominant. Accordingly, the alpine vegetated area has a higher water storage function than the alpine bare area.