Soil-water dynamics and tree water uptake in the Sacramento Mountains of New Mexico (USA): a stable isotope study
Soil-water dynamics and tree water uptake in the Sacramento Mountains of New Mexico (USA): a stable isotope study
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DOI：
10.1007/s10040-016-1403-1
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
C. Gierke;B. Newton;F. Phillips
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Gierke;B. Newton;F. Phillips
在美国西南部，高山上的降水是地下水补给的主要来源。降水模式、土壤性质和植被在很大程度上控制着地下水的补给速度和时间。因此，气候、土壤和山地植被之间的相互作用对地下水补给具有重要意义。这项研究发生在萨克拉门托山脉，这是新墨西哥州南部多个区域含水层的补给区。氧和氢的稳定同位素被用来确定降水入渗是均匀分布在土壤中，还是在土壤-水“小室”之间分配，树木从土壤-水“小室”中提取水分以随季节变化进行蒸腾。结果表明，主要来自融雪的“静止”或“缓慢”土壤水分以相对均匀的方式渗入土壤，填充了浅层土壤中的小孔隙；“流动”或“快速”土壤水分主要与夏季雷暴有关，它们迅速地通过大孔隙和优先流动路径渗入土壤，避免了蒸发损失。研究发现，在一年四季中，树木主要使用来自融雪的固定水，这些水不同程度地与季节性可用流动水源混合。这些不同水池在土壤中的补给似乎取决于初始土壤水分含量、水分进入土壤的方式(融雪与强烈的雷暴)以及降水和蒸散的季节变化。这些结果对气候变化对萨克拉门托山脉补给机制的影响具有重要意义。
In the southwestern United States, precipitation in the high mountains is a primary source of groundwater recharge. Precipitation patterns, soil properties and vegetation largely control the rate and timing of groundwater recharge. The interactions between climate, soil and mountain vegetation thus have important implications for the groundwater supply. This study took place in the Sacramento Mountains, which is the recharge area for multiple regional aquifers in southern New Mexico. The stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen were used to determine whether infiltration of precipitation is homogeneously distributed in the soil or whether it is partitioned among soil-water'compartments', from which trees extract water for transpiration as a function of the season. The results indicate that" immobile" or" slow" soil water, which is derived primarily from snowmelt, infiltrates soils in a relatively uniform fashion, filling small pores in the shallow soils." Mobile" or" fast" soil water, which is mostly associated with summer thunderstorms, infiltrates very quickly through macropores and along preferential flow paths, evading evaporative loss. It was found that throughout the entire year, trees principally use immobile water derived from snowmelt mixed to differing degrees with seasonally available mobile-water sources. The replenishment of these different water pools in soils appears to depend on initial soil-water content, the manner in which the water was introduced to the soil (snowmelt versus intense thunderstorms), and the seasonal variability of the precipitation and evapotranspiration. These results have important implications for the effect of climate change on recharge mechanisms in the Sacramento Mountains.