Flyingfish feeding ecology in the eastern Pacific: prey partitioning within a speciose epipelagic community.
Flyingfish feeding ecology in the eastern Pacific: prey partitioning within a speciose epipelagic community.
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DOI：
10.1111/jfb.12173
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
J. E. Van Noord;E. Lewallen;R. Pitman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. E. Van Noord;E. Lewallen;R. Pitman
为了验证这一假设，猎物分区有助于飞鱼群落稳定性，肠道内容物的359飞鱼标本（代表5属8种Exocoetidae和Hemiramphidae）收集在50浸网站在一个小时的夜间捕鱼在热带太平洋东部的海洋沃茨2007年8月至11月。使用多维尺度分析，相似性分析显示物种之间的饮食差异显着，相似性百分比测试有助于确定负责这些差异的特定猎物类群。桡足类特有种6种（占58.3 ~ 96.9%），但分布于不同科。其中，单脊飞鱼（Exocoetus monocirrhus，n = 205）以真刺类为食（51.6%），缘带飞鱼（Hirunalthys marginatus，n = 24）以小刺类为食（21.8%），而双翼飞鱼（Exocoetus volitans，n = 11）和大翼半喙尖吻飞鱼（Oxyporhamphus micropterus，n = 34）以哲水蚤为食（54.6%和17.0%）。与此相反，白鳍飞鱼Cheilopogon xenopterus（n = 73）和mirrorwing飞鱼Hirunopathys speculiger（n = 4）有广义的饮食，包括类似比例的端足类，桡足类，软体动物和仔鱼猎物。在平均丰满度，高度消化的材料，百分之空的肠子和平均数的猎物每肠也合成的明显差异，并发现了异步喂养的模式。总之，这些研究结果提供了有价值的描述性数据的饮食的一个未充分研究的上层硬骨鱼，并通过扩展，建议猎物分区（类群和喂养时间）可能会影响飞鱼喂养生态，减少种间竞争。
To test the hypothesis that prey partitioning contributes to community stability in flyingfish, the gut contents of 359 flyingfish specimens (representing five genera and eight species within Exocoetidae and Hemiramphidae) were collected at 50 dip-net stations during hour-long night-time fishing in oceanic waters of the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean between August and November 2007. Analyses using multidimensional scaling, and analysis of similarity revealed significant dietary differences among species, and similarity percentages tests helped identify the specific prey taxa responsible for these differences. Six species specialized on copepods (58·3-96·9% by number), but targeted different families. Specifically, the barbel flyingfish Exocoetus monocirrhus (n = 205) focused on euchaetids (51·6%), the banded flyingfish Hirundichthys marginatus (n = 24) fed on pontellids (21·8%), while the tropical two-wing flyingfish Exocoetus volitans (n = 11) and the bigwing halfbeak Oxyporhamphus micropterus (n = 34) ingested calanoids (54·6 and 17·0%). In contrast, the whitetip flyingfish Cheilopogon xenopterus (n = 73) and the mirrorwing flyingfish Hirundichthys speculiger (n = 4) had generalized diets comprising similar proportions of amphipod, copepod, mollusc and larval fish prey. Distinct differences in mean fullness, highly digested material, per cent empty guts and mean numbers of prey per gut were also synthesized, and uncovered a pattern of asynchronous feeding. Altogether, these findings provide valuable descriptive data on the diets of an understudied group of epipelagic teleosts, and, by extension, suggest that prey partitioning (taxa and feeding times) may influence flyingfish feeding ecology by reducing interspecific competition.