Long-term impact of vaccination on Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) carriage in the United Kingdom
Long-term impact of vaccination on Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) carriage in the United Kingdom
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DOI：
10.1017/s0950268804002122
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ramsay, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McVernon, J;Howard, AJ;Ramsay, ME
最近在英国观察到由b型流感嗜血杆菌(Hib)引起的严重感染死灰复燃。需要更多关于Hib在人群中传播的信息，以便更好地了解这种增加的机制。公共卫生实验室服务(自2004年4月起并入卫生保护局)在1992年、1994年、1997年和2002年对英格兰和威尔士日托托儿所的儿童进行了四项关于无症状口咽部Hib携带者的横断面研究。这些结果表明，自疫苗问世以来，Hib定植的流行率随着时间的推移有了显著的下降(1992年为3(.)98%；1994年为0(.)70%；1997年为0；2002年为0)，这并不能解释1999年以后侵袭性疾病报告的增加。我们认为，近年来，在没有明显增加传播的情况下，接种疫苗的儿童在出生后5年内抗体水平的下降助长了报告病例的上升。
A recent resurgence in serious infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) has been observed in the United Kingdom. More information on Hib transmission in the population is required in order to better understand the mechanism of this increase. The Public Health Laboratory Service (subsumed into the Health Protection Agency since April 2004) conducted four cross-sectional studies of asymptomatic oropharyngeal Hib carriage in children attending day-care nurseries in England and Wales in 1992, 1994, 1997 and 2002. These demonstrated a marked reduction in the prevalence of Hib colonization over time since vaccine introduction (3(.)98% in 1992; 0(.)70% in 1994; 0% in 1997; 0% in 2002), which did not explain the increase in invasive disease reports from 1999 onwards. We believe that a reduction in antibody levels over the first 5 years of life in immunized children in recent years has fuelled the rise in reported cases in the absence of an obvious increase in transmission.