Rapid decisions from experience.
Rapid decisions from experience.
复制标题
根据经验快速做出决定。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2013.12.012
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Liu,Taosheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zeigenfuse,MatthewD;Pleskac,TimothyJ;Liu,Taosheng
在许多日常决策中，人们会快速整合嘈杂的信息样本，以在提供不确定回报的替代方案中形成偏好。在这里，我们使用 Flash Gambling Task (FGT) 研究了这个决策过程，其中参与者在特定收益和产生正态收益分布的不确定替代方案之间做出了一系列选择。对于每个选择，参与者通过每 50 毫秒更新一次的快速样本体验收益的分配。我们证明人们可以根据经验做出这些快速决策，并且决策过程与顺序抽样过程一致。结果还揭示了这些优先决策与同等感知决策之间的分离，参与者必须确定哪些替代方案平均包含更多点。为了解释这种分离，我们开发了一个顺序采样排名相关的效用模型，该模型表明，尽管给予了相同的信息，但 FGT 的参与者比感知任务的参与者更多地关注更大的潜在回报。我们讨论了这些发现在优先选择的计算模型和对基于经验的决策的更全面理解方面的含义。
In many everyday decisions, people quickly integrate noisy samples of information to form a preference among alternatives that offer uncertain rewards. Here, we investigated this decision process using the Flash Gambling Task (FGT), in which participants made a series of choices between a certain payoff and an uncertain alternative that produced a normal distribution of payoffs. For each choice, participants experienced the distribution of payoffs via rapid samples updated every 50 ms. We show that people can make these rapid decisions from experience and that the decision process is consistent with a sequential sampling process. Results also reveal a dissociation between these preferential decisions and equivalent perceptual decisions where participants had to determine which alternatives contained more dots on average. To account for this dissociation, we developed a sequential sampling rank-dependent utility model, which showed that participants in the FGT attended more to larger potential payoffs than participants in the perceptual task despite being given equivalent information. We discuss the implications of these findings in terms of computational models of preferential choice and a more complete understanding of experience-based decision making.