Thyroid Hormones and Moderate Exposure to Perchlorate during Pregnancy in Women in Southern California.
Thyroid Hormones and Moderate Exposure to Perchlorate during Pregnancy in Women in Southern California.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1409614
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Liaw J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinmaus C;Pearl M;Kharrazi M;Blount BC;Miller MD;Pearce EN;Valentin-Blasini L;DeLorenze G;Hoofnagle AN;Liaw J
全国性调查的结果表明，美国每个人都暴露在高氯酸盐中。高剂量时，高氯酸盐、硫氰酸盐和硝酸盐会抑制甲状腺对碘的吸收，并减少甲状腺激素的产生。怀孕期间甲状腺激素的微小变化，包括正常参考范围内的变化，与后代的认知功能下降有关。我们评估了低环境暴露于高氯酸盐对甲状腺功能的潜在影响。在2000-2003年期间，对来自加州圣地亚哥县的1,880名孕妇的血清甲状腺激素和抗甲状腺抗体以及尿中高氯酸盐、硫氰酸盐、硝酸盐和碘的浓度进行了测量，当时该地区的大部分供水都受到了来自一家工业工厂的高氯酸盐污染，其水平接近2007年加州的监管标准6 μg/L。在校正了尿肌酐和硫氰酸盐、母亲年龄和教育程度、种族和血清采集时胎龄的模型中，使用线性回归评估尿高氯酸盐和血清甲状腺激素浓度之间的关联。尿中高氯酸盐浓度中位数为6.5 μg/L，约为美国普通人群的两倍。在log 10高氯酸盐增加与总甲状腺素（T4）降低[回归系数（β）= -0.70; 95% CI：-1.06，-0.34]、游离甲状腺素（fT 4）降低[回归系数（β）=-0.70，95% CI：-0.34]（β = -0.053; 95%CI：-0.092，-0.013），以及log 10促甲状腺激素增加（β = 0.071; 95%CI：0.008，0.133）。这些结果表明，环境高氯酸盐暴露可能会影响甲状腺激素的生产在怀孕期间。这可能对公众健康产生影响，因为广泛的高氯酸盐暴露和甲状腺激素在胎儿神经发育中的重要性。Steinmaus C，Pearl M，Kharrazi M，Blount BC，米勒医学博士，皮尔斯EN，Valentin-Blasini L，DeLorenze G，Hoofnagle AN，Liaw J. 2016.南加州妇女怀孕期间甲状腺激素和适度暴露于高氯酸盐。环境健康展望124：861-867; http：dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409614
Findings from national surveys suggest that everyone in the United States is exposed to perchlorate. At high doses, perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate inhibit iodide uptake into the thyroid and decrease thyroid hormone production. Small changes in thyroid hormones during pregnancy, including changes within normal reference ranges, have been linked to cognitive function declines in the offspring. We evaluated the potential effects of low environmental exposures to perchlorate on thyroid function. Serum thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid antibodies and urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide concentrations were measured in 1,880 pregnant women from San Diego County, California, during 2000–2003, a period when much of the area’s water supply was contaminated from an industrial plant with perchlorate at levels near the 2007 California regulatory standard of 6 μg/L. Linear regression was used to evaluate associations between urinary perchlorate and serum thyroid hormone concentrations in models adjusted for urinary creatinine and thiocyanate, maternal age and education, ethnicity, and gestational age at serum collection. The median urinary perchlorate concentration was 6.5 μg/L, about two times higher than in the general U.S. population. Adjusted associations were identified between increasing log10 perchlorate and decreasing total thyroxine (T4) [regression coefficient (β) = –0.70; 95% CI: –1.06, –0.34], decreasing free thyroxine (fT4) (β = –0.053; 95% CI: –0.092, –0.013), and increasing log10 thyroid-stimulating hormone (β = 0.071; 95% CI: 0.008, 0.133). These results suggest that environmental perchlorate exposures may affect thyroid hormone production during pregnancy. This could have implications for public health given widespread perchlorate exposure and the importance of thyroid hormone in fetal neurodevelopment. Steinmaus C, Pearl M, Kharrazi M, Blount BC, Miller MD, Pearce EN, Valentin-Blasini L, DeLorenze G, Hoofnagle AN, Liaw J. 2016. Thyroid hormones and moderate exposure to perchlorate during pregnancy in women in Southern California. Environ Health Perspect 124:861–867; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409614