The effects of aging on the perception of depth from motion parallax.
The effects of aging on the perception of depth from motion parallax.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13414-016-1134-3
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nawrot M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holmin J;Nawrot M
在世界上成功的导航需要有效的视觉空间处理。不幸的是，老年人有许多视觉空间缺陷，这可能会造成严重的现实后果。虽然其中一些年龄效应有很好的记录，但其他一些，如运动视差的深度感知，却知之甚少。运动视差的深度知觉需要完整的视网膜图像运动和追踪眼球运动处理。数十年的研究表明，运动处理和追踪眼球运动都受到年龄的影响;因此，老年人对运动视差的深度也可能不太敏感。本研究的目的是描述老年人的运动视差深度阈值，并解释老年人对运动视差深度的敏感性。年轻人和老年人的运动阈值和追求的准确性进行了测量。还测量了观察者在几种不同刺激条件下的深度阈值。与年轻人相比，老年人的运动阈值更高，准确性更低。在缓慢和中等的追击速度下，他们对运动视差的深度也不那么敏感。虽然老年人的运动阈值比年轻人高，但他们最佳地使用了可用的运动信号，并且运动处理的年龄差异不能解释老年人增加的深度阈值。相反，这些年龄效应可以用老年人追求信号的变化来解释。
Successful navigation in the world requires effective visuospatial processing. Unfortunately, older adults have many visuospatial deficits, which can have severe real-world consequences. While some of these age effects are well documented, some others, such as the perception of depth from motion parallax, are poorly understood. Depth perception from motion parallax requires intact retinal image motion and pursuit eye movement processing. Decades of research have shown that both motion processing and pursuit eye movements are affected by age; it follows that older adults may also be less sensitive to depth from motion parallax. The goals of the current study were to characterize motion parallax depth thresholds in older adults, and to explain older adults’ sensitivity to depth from motion parallax in terms of motion and pursuit deficits. Younger and older adults’ motion thresholds and pursuit accuracy were measured. Observers’ depth thresholds across several different stimulus conditions were measured as well. Older adults had higher motion thresholds and less accurate pursuit, compared to younger adults. They were also less sensitive to depth from motion parallax, at slow and moderate pursuit speeds. Although older adults had higher motion thresholds than younger adults, they used available motion signals optimally, and age differences in motion processing could not account for older adults’ increased depth thresholds. Rather, these age effects can be explained by changes in older adults’ pursuit signals.