Influences of neck afferents on sympathetic and respiratory nerve activity
Influences of neck afferents on sympathetic and respiratory nerve activity
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DOI：
10.1016/s0361-9230(98)00094-x
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发表时间：
1998-11-15
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Yates, BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolton, PS;Kerman, IA;Yates, BJ
众所周知，前庭系统影响交感神经系统和呼吸系统；据推测，前庭交感神经反应和前庭呼吸反应参与了在运动和姿势变化过程中维持血压和血氧稳定的过程。产生前庭脊髓反射的许多脑干神经元整合来自迷宫和颈部肌肉的信号，以区分稳定身体的头部运动和全身运动。在本研究中，记录了在刺激C2背根神经节或支配背颈肌肉的C2或C3神经分支时，内脏（交感）、舌下（吸气）和腹（呼气）神经的反应。使用低电流强度刺激颈部传入神经，在许多情况下，低于产生从脊髓背可记录的传入波阈值的两倍，引起交感神经和呼吸神经活动的变化。这些数据表明，在一个稳定的身体上，头部旋转会引起颈部和前庭对呼吸运动神经元和交感神经节前神经元的输入。颈传入刺激对腹部、内脏和舌下神经活动的影响不能通过横断脑干尾侧至前庭核而消除；因此，除了涉及前庭核的通路外，还参与将颈部输入传递给交感神经节前神经元和呼吸运动神经元。C1-3背根的横断增强了内脏神经和腹神经对固定体俯仰头部旋转的反应，但减弱了舌下神经的反应。因此，颈部和前庭传入对呼吸泵肌活动和交感神经流出的影响似乎是拮抗的，因此在全身运动时发生反应，而在静止躯干上的头部运动时则不会发生反应。相反，颈部和前庭对舌头肌肉组织的影响是互补的，可能会在头部运动或全身运动时产生舌头突出。(C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc.；
It is well established that the vestibular system influences the sympathetic nervous system and the respiratory system; presumably, vestibulosympathetic and vestibulorespiratory responses participate in maintaining stable blood pressure and blood oxygenation during movement and changes in posture. Many brainstem neurons that generate vestibulospinal reflexes integrate signals from the labyrinth and neck muscles to distinguish between head movements on a stable body and whole body movements. In the present study, responses were recorded from the splanchnic (sympathetic), hypoglossal (inspiratory) and abdominal (expiratory) nerves during stimulation of the C2 dorsal root ganglion or C2 or C3 nerve branches innervating dorsal neck muscles. Stimulation of neck afferents using low current intensities, in many cases less than twice the threshold for producing an afferent volley recordable from the cord dorsum, elicited changes in sympathetic and respiratory nerve activity. These data suggest that head rotation on a stable body would elicit both cervical and vestibular inputs to respiratory motoneurons and sympathetic preganglionic neurons. The effects of cervical afferent stimulation on abdominal, splanchnic and hypoglossal nerve activity were not abolished by transection of the brainstem caudal to the vestibular nuclei; thus, pathways in addition to those involving the vestibular nuclei are involved in relaying cervical inputs to sympathetic preganglionic neurons and respiratory motoneurons. Transection of the C1-3 dorsal roots enhanced responses of the splanchnic and abdominal nerves to pitch head rotations on a fixed body but diminished responses of the hypoglossal nerve. Thus, neck and vestibular afferent influences on activity of respiratory pump muscles and sympathetic outflow appear to be antagonistic, so that responses will occur during whole body movements but not head movements on a stationary trunk. In contrast, neck and vestibular influences on tongue musculature are complementary, presumably to produce tongue protrusion either during movements of the head alone or of the whole body. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc.