Plasmodium spp.: An experimental study on vertebrate host susceptibility to avian malaria
Plasmodium spp.: An experimental study on vertebrate host susceptibility to avian malaria
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exppara.2014.11.005
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Valkiunas, Gediminas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dimitrov, Dimitar;Palinauskas, Vaidas;Valkiunas, Gediminas
近年来，由于需要关于宿主-寄生虫相互作用的直接信息，对由疟原虫引起的禽类疟疾的实验研究的兴趣增加了。许多重要问题(宿主易感性、感染的发展、对禽类疟疾的抵抗力和耐受性)可以通过实验感染得到解答。然而，疟疾寄生虫及其分离株在遗传上不同谱系的特异性在很大程度上尚不清楚。这项研究回顾了最近的实验研究，并提供了更多关于鸟类对属于四个亚属的几种广泛存在的疟原虫细胞色素b(Cytb)谱系的易感性的数据。通过肌肉注射感染疟疾的血液，将两种家禽宿主(金丝雀和鸭子)和16种常见的欧洲野生鸟类暴露在疟疾感染下，然后用显微镜检查和基于PCR的方法对其进行检测。我们的研究证实了前人关于残留疟原虫(谱系SGS1和GRW11)和旋转性疟原虫(谱系TURDUS1)分别属于血阿米巴亚属和Giovannolaia亚属的低特异性和广泛宿主范围的现场和实验观察。然而，同一寄生虫谱系的不同谱系和分离株的特异性在暴露宿主的不同物种之间有所不同。几个测试的诺维氏菌谱系是物种特有的，有几个在实验中暴露的鸟类中成功发育的案例。报告的大多数死亡和高寄生虫血症病例是在寄生虫合并感染期间观察到的。金丝雀主要对血阿米巴属和乔万诺氏菌属敏感，而对大多数新城疫霉属分离株不敏感。雏鸭对三种疟疾感染(SCS1、TURDUS1和COLL4)易感，但寄生虫血症较轻(
The interest in experimental studies on avian malaria caused by Plasmodium species has increased recently due to the need of direct information about host-parasite interactions. Numerous important issues (host susceptibility, development of infection, the resistance and tolerance to avian malaria) can be answered using experimental infections. However, specificity of genetically different lineages of malaria parasites and their isolates is largely unknown. This study reviews recent experimental studies and offers additional data about susceptibility of birds to several widespread cytochrome b (cyt b) lineages of Plasmodium species belonging to four subgenera. We exposed two domesticated avian hosts (canaries Serious canaria and ducklings Anas platyrhynchos) and also 16 species of common wild European birds to malaria infections by intramuscular injection of infected blood and then tested them by microscopic examination and PCR-based methods. Our study confirms former field and experimental observations about low specificity and wide host-range of Plasmodium relictum (lineages SGS1 and GRW11) and P. circumflexum (lineage TURDUS1) belonging to the subgenera Haemamoeba and Giovannolaia, respectively. However, the specificity of different lineages and isolates of the same parasite lineage differed between species of exposed hosts. Several tested Novyella lineages were species specific, with a few cases of successful development in experimentally exposed birds. The majority of reported cases of mortality and high parasitaemia were observed during parasite co-infections. Canaries were susceptible mainly for the species of Haemamoeba and Giovannolaia, but were refractory to the majority of Novyella isolates. Ducklings were susceptible to three malaria infections (SCS1, TURDUS1 and COLL4), but parasitaemia was light (