Processing of High Strength Light‐Weight Metallic Composites
Processing of High Strength Light‐Weight Metallic Composites
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DOI：
10.1002/adem.201400190
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发表时间：
2014-10
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
W. Skrotzki;A. Eschke;J. Romberg;J. Scharnweber;T. Marr;R. Petters;I. Okulov;C. Oertel;J. Freudenberger;U. Kühn;L. Schultz;J. Eckert
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文献类型：
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作者：
W. Skrotzki;A. Eschke;J. Romberg;J. Scharnweber;T. Marr;R. Petters;I. Okulov;C. Oertel;J. Freudenberger;U. Kühn;L. Schultz;J. Eckert
在能源可持续利用的实际辩论的推动下，材料科学家和工程师正在寻求支持降低能源消耗的可能性。这样做的一种可能性是开发允许结构设计在较低重量下保留功能和强度的材料。因此，具体强度（即，标准化为质量密度的材料强度）成为机械设计中材料选择的关键参数。冷加工、固溶、弥散和沉淀硬化等强化机制适用于许多金属。然而，它们的规模有限，密度通常根本不受影响。此外，延展性通常降低到远低于应用的最低要求的值。复合材料被认为解决了这种矛盾，即，虽然单个组分的机械性能不足，但复合材料显示出良好的平衡性能。
Motivated by the actual debate on the sustainable use of energy, materials scientists and engineers are seeking for possibilities to support efforts for lowering energy consump-tion. One possibility to do so is to develop materials that allow structural design with retained functionality and strength at a lower weight. Consequently, the speci fi c strength (i.e., strength of a material normalized to the mass density) becomes a key parameter for the materials ’ selection in mechanical design. Strengthening mechanisms such as cold working and solid solution, dispersion, and precipitation hardening are adaptable to many metals. However, they are limited in their scale and the density is typically not affected at all. Furthermore, the ductility is usually reduced to a value well below the minimal requirements of the application. Composite materials are believed to solve this discrepancy, i.e., while the mechanical properties of the individual components are insuf fi cient, the composite shows well-balanced properties.