Cognitive Processes by Using Finite State Machines
Cognitive Processes by Using Finite State Machines
复制标题
使用有限状态机的认知过程
DOI：
10.4018/jcini.2007070104
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Rubio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ismael Rodríguez;M. Núñez;F. Rubio
有限状态机，简称FSM，是几十年来一直用于描述系统行为的形式主义。它们还可以为智能代理提供合适的形式主义，用于描述其对周围世界行为的信念。事实上，FSM是右线性语言的合适接受者，这是乔姆斯基语言分类中考虑的最简单的语言。由于乔姆斯基提出语言的生成（以及间接地任何心理过程）可以通过一种形式语言来表达，因此可以假设认知过程可以通过能够表达这些语言的形式主义来表述。因此，我们将使用有限状态机作为表示（简单）认知模型的适当形式。我们提出了一个算法，给定的环境观察，产生一个有限状态机描述的环境行为，能够产生该观察。由于有无限多个不同的有限状态机可以产生这种观察结果，我们必须选择最可行的一个。当一种现象可以用几种理论来解释时，奥卡姆剃刀原理，这是科学中的基本原理，鼓励选择最简单的解释。将这个标准应用到我们的问题中，我们选择可能产生该观察的最简单（最小）FSM。提出了一种求解该问题的算法。总之，根据奥卡姆剃刀准则，我们的框架提供了一个认知模型，这是观察者最喜欢的理论。
Finite State Machines, in short FSMs, are formalisms that have been used for decades to describe the behavior of systems. They can also provide an intelligent agent with a suitable formalism for describing its own beliefs about the behavior of the world surrounding it. In fact, FSMs are the suitable acceptors for right linear languages, which are the simplest languages considered in Chomsky’s classification of languages. Since Chomsky proposes that the generation of language (and, indirectly, any mental process) can be expressed through a kind of formal language, it can be assumed that cognitive processes can be formulated by means of the formalisms that can express those languages. Hence, we will use FSMs as a suitable formalism for representing (simple) cognitive models. We present an algorithm that, given an observation of the environment, produces an FSM describing an environment behavior that is capable to produce that observation. Since an infinite number of different FSMs could have produced that observation, we have to choose the most feasible one. When a phenomenon can be explained with several theories, Occam’s razor principle, which is basic in science, encourages choosing the simplest explanation. Applying this criterion to our problem, we choose the simplest (smallest) FSM that could have produced that observation. An algorithm is presented to solve this problem. In conclusion, our framework provides a cognitive model that is the most preferable theory for the observer, according to the Occam’s razor criterion.