Behavioral economic indicators of drinking problem severity and initial outcomes among problem drinkers attempting natural recovery: a cross-sectional naturalistic study.
Behavioral economic indicators of drinking problem severity and initial outcomes among problem drinkers attempting natural recovery: a cross-sectional naturalistic study.
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饮酒问题严重程度的行为经济指标和尝试自然恢复的问题饮酒者的初步结果：一项横断面自然主义研究。
DOI：
10.1111/add.13492
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pietrzak,Brittney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tucker,JalieA;Cheong,JeeWon;Chandler,SusanD;Lambert,BriceH;Kwok,Heather;Pietrzak,Brittney
背景和目标使用不同的行为经济学（BE）和时间视角（TP）衡量指标的研究表明，物质滥用者对短期意外事件比正常对照表现出更高的敏感性，但多种衡量指标很少一起进行调查。本研究评估了多种 BE 和 TP 指标与饮酒问题严重程度的相关程度，区分了自然恢复尝试的初始结果和共同方差。假设 (1) 问题严重程度越高，冲动性越大，对酒精的需求越大，TP 越短； (2) 与戒酒相比，低风险饮酒与对长期意外事件的敏感性更大。设计横断面自然实地研究。背景为美国南部。参与者使用媒体广告招募最近未经治疗解决的问题饮酒者[n=191（76.44%男性），平均年龄=50.09岁]。测量在停止问题饮酒之前的饮酒习惯、依赖程度和酒精相关问题在结构化现场访谈中进行评估。措施包括津巴多时间视角清单； BE 模拟选择任务[延迟折扣（DD）、改善最大化（MM）、酒精购买任务（APT）]；酒精储蓄可自由支配支出 (ASDE) 指数，源自问题停止前一年的实际酒精支出和自愿储蓄。调查结果基于实际 (ASDE) 和假设 (APT) 酒精支出的需求衡量标准与问题严重程度相关 (Ps < 0.05)，但 DD、MM 和 TP 衡量标准则不然。决议前的酒精支出与为未来储蓄相比，更加平衡的饮酒支出可以区分低风险饮酒和戒酒决议（ASDE 比值比 = 5.59；P < 0.001）。 BE 测量没有共同的方差。 结论 测量酒精支出的两种行为评估工具，即酒精购买任务和酒精储蓄可自由支配支出指数，在评估饮酒问题的严重性方面似乎是可靠的。 ASDE 指数还可以帮助您在低风险饮酒目标和戒酒目标之间做出选择。
Background and aimsResearch using different behavioral economic (BE) and time perspective (TP) measures suggests that substance misusers show greater sensitivity to shorter‐term contingencies than normal controls, but multiple measures have seldom been investigated together. This study evaluated the extent to which multiple BE and TP measures were associated with drinking problem severity, distinguished initial outcomes of natural recovery attempts and shared common variance. Hypotheses were (1) that greater problem severity would be associated with greater impulsivity and demand for alcohol and shorter TPs; and (2) that low‐risk drinking would be associated with greater sensitivity to longer‐term contingencies compared with abstinence.DesignCross‐sectional naturalistic field study.SettingSouthern United States.ParticipantsProblem drinkers, recently resolved without treatment [n= 191 (76.44% male), mean age = 50.09 years] recruited using media advertisements.MeasurementsDrinking practices, dependence levels and alcohol‐related problems prior to stopping problem drinking were assessed during structured field interviews. Measures included the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory; BE analogue choice tasks [delay discounting (DD), melioration–maximization (MM), alcohol purchase task (APT)]; and the Alcohol‐Savings Discretionary Expenditure (ASDE) index, derived from real spending on alcohol and voluntary savings during the year before problem cessation.FindingsMeasures of demand based on real (ASDE) and hypothetical (APT) spending on alcohol were associated with problem severity (Ps < 0.05), but DD, MM and TP measures were not. More balanced pre‐resolution spending on alcohol versus saving for the future distinguished low‐risk drinking from abstinent resolutions (ASDE odds ratio =5.59;P< 0.001). BE measures did not share common variance.ConclusionsTwo behavioral assessment tools that measure spending on alcohol, the Alcohol Purchase Task and the Alcohol‐Savings Discretionary Expenditure index, appear to be reliable in assessing the severity of drinking problems. The ASDE index also may aid choices between low‐risk and abstinent drinking goals.