Nonlinear scrambling-based reversible watermarking for 2D-vector maps
Nonlinear scrambling-based reversible watermarking for 2D-vector maps
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DOI：
10.1007/s00371-012-0732-x
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发表时间：
2013-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Liujuan Cao;Chaoguang Men;R. Ji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liujuan Cao;Chaoguang Men;R. Ji
可逆水印技术由于水印提取后具有可逆性，因此适用于矢量地图。本文提出了一种基于非线性置乱思想的新型可逆水印方案。它从特征点提取开始。为了避免高精度矢量数据被未经授权的用户非法使用，算法对特征点的相对位置进行非线性置乱。然后基于所提出的可逆嵌入，将置乱的特征点和非特征点都作为覆盖数据，修改其坐标以嵌入水印数据和特征点识别数据。最后结合加扰密钥，通过水印提取可以准确地恢复出原始矢量数据。综合实验结果表明，该方案能够在保持各折线基本形状的同时，有效防止高精度矢量数据被非法使用。
The reversible watermarking technique is suitable for vector maps due to its reversibility after watermark extraction. In this paper, a novel reversible watermarking scheme based on the idea of nonlinear scrambling is proposed. It begins with feature point extraction. To avoid the high-precision vector data being illegally used by unauthorized users, the algorithm nonlinearly scrambles the relative position of feature points. Then based on the proposed reversible embedding, both scrambled feature points and nonfeature points are taken as cover data, the coordinates of which are modified to embed both watermark data and feature point identification data. Finally, combined with the scrambling secret key, the original vector data can be exactly recovered with watermark extraction. Comprehensive experimental results validate that the scheme could effectively prevent the high-precision vector data from being illegally used with maintaining the basic shape of each polyline, simultaneously.