Neighborhood safety concerns and daily well-being: A national diary study.
Neighborhood safety concerns and daily well-being: A national diary study.
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邻里安全问题和日常福祉：一项全国日记研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.wss.2021.100047
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stawski,RobertS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robinette,JenniferW;Piazza,JenniferR;Stawski,RobertS
生活在不安全社区的人经常报告健康状况不佳。造成这种情况的原因是多方面的，但一种可能是不安全的社区造成了一种慢性压力的情况，这可能会耗尽人们应对日常生活压力的资源。人们对日常压力源的反应（例如，自我报告的负面影响和身体症状增加）与健康问题呈正相关，因此可能是将邻里安全感知与健康状况不佳联系起来的一条途径。本研究调查了来自美国中年研究II （n= 1748）的全国成年人样本中邻里安全问题、日常压力源、情感幸福感和身体健康症状之间的关系。2004年，参与者报告了社区安全问题和慢性压力暴露史。在8天的时间里，他们还报告了每天的压力源、身体症状和负面影响。更大的社区安全担忧与更高的负面影响和更多的身体症状相关，并根据其他慢性压力来源进行调整。此外，即使考虑到日常压力源与其他慢性压力源之间的既定相互作用，在报告压力源的日子里，较低的社区安全感知与负面影响和身体症状的较大增加有关。暴露于被认为不安全的社区与较差的日常幸福感和对日常压力源的反应加剧有关，这可能是导致生活在被认为不安全的社区的人健康状况较差的个人层面途径。
People living in unsafe neighborhoods often report poor health. The reasons for this are multi-faceted, but one possibility is that unsafe neighborhoods create a situation of chronic stress, which may deplete people's resources to cope with the daily stressors of life. How people respond to daily stressors (e.g., with increased self-reported negative affect and physical symptoms) is positively associated with health problems and may thus be one pathway linking perceptions of neighborhood safety to poor health. The current study investigated the relationship between neighborhood safety concerns, daily stressors, affective well-being, and physical health symptoms in a national sample of adults from the Midlife in the United States Study II (n= 1748). In 2004, participants reported neighborhood safety concerns and history of chronic stress exposure. Across eight days, they also reported daily stressors, physical symptoms and negative affect. Greater neighborhood safety concerns were associated with higher negative affect and more physical symptoms, adjusting for other sources of chronic stress. Moreover, lower perceived neighborhood safety was related to greater increases in negative affect and physical symptoms on days during which stressors were reported, even after accounting for established interactions between daily stressors and other sources of chronic stress. Exposure to neighborhoods perceived as unsafe is associated with poorer daily well-being and exacerbated responses to daily stressors, which may serve as an individual-level pathway contributing to poorer health among people living in neighborhoods perceived as unsafe.