Ozone foliar symptoms in woody plant species assessed with ultrastructural and fluorescence analysis
Ozone foliar symptoms in woody plant species assessed with ultrastructural and fluorescence analysis
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01385.x
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Tani, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bussotti, F;Agati, G;Tani, C
本文比较了五种木本植物对臭氧的响应，它们是：森林山毛榉（FS）、拟悬铃木（AP）、白蜡（FE）、马缨丹荚（VL）和臭椿（AA）。假设被测试的是，植物采取的策略，以抵抗氧化pressure是species.The研究进行了实地种植的植物在北方意大利的特点是臭氧污染水平升高的地区。在超微结构（光学和电子显微镜）和生理（叶绿素a瞬时荧光和显微光谱荧光）水平上进行了观察，常见的反应是：过敏反应（即栅栏叶肉细胞的死亡）和胼胝质层的形成将损伤的细胞与健康的细胞分开。FS和AP能使栅栏细胞壁增厚。这种增厚过程涉及细胞壁化学结构的变化，黄色自发荧光化合物的积累证明了这一点。物种特异性的行为进行了观察与荧光分析，特别是光化学去激发常数（Kp）。该值在FE和AP中增加，在AA中减少。所观察到的响应被解释为对臭氧胁迫的适应策略。Kp的增加表明反应中心作为更有效的猝灭剂起作用。
This paper compares the responses to ozone in five woody species: Fagus sylvatica (FS), Acer pseudoplatanus (AP), Fraxinus excelsior (FE), Viburnum lantana (VL) and Ailanthus altissima (AA). The hypothesis being tested was that the strategies that plants adopt to resist oxidative pressure are species-specific.The study was carried out on field grown plants in an area in Northern Italy characterized by elevated levels of ozone pollution. The observations were made both at ultrastructural (using light and electronic microscopy) and physiological (using chlorophyll a transient fluorescence and microspectral fluorometry) level.Common responses were: the hypersensitive response (i.e. the death of palisade mesophyll cells) and the formation of callose layers separating injured from healthy cells. FS and AP were capable of thickening the palisade mesophyll cell walls. This thickening process involved changes in cell wall chemical structure, evidenced by the accumulation of yellow autofluorescence compounds. Species-specific behaviours were observed with the fluorescence analysis, with special reference to the photochemical de-excitation constant (Kp). This value increased in FE and AP, and decreased in AA.The observed responses are interpreted as adaptative strategies against the ozone stress. The increase of Kp indicates that the reaction centres were working as more effective quenchers.