A general strategy for metal oxide nanoparticles embedded into heterogeneous carbon nanosheets as high-rate lithium-ion battery anodes
A general strategy for metal oxide nanoparticles embedded into heterogeneous carbon nanosheets as high-rate lithium-ion battery anodes
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金属氧化物纳米颗粒嵌入异质碳纳米片作为高倍率锂离子电池阳极的总体策略
DOI：
10.1039/d0ta08198a
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发表时间：
2020-12-21
影响因子：
11.9
通讯作者：
Liang, Yeru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pang, Haibo;Yu, Peifeng;Liang, Yeru
二维碳基复合纳米片（2D-CCNSs）有望成为锂离子电池快速充电的理想电极材料。尽管存在用于这些材料的合成程序，但目前的方法通常需要严格的反应条件和复杂的合成步骤。在此，我们开发了一种简单而通用的方法来制造一种新型的2D-CCNSs，并证明其作为锂离子电池高倍率阳极的优越性。研究发现，纳米纤维素作为构建单元的引入可以引导其自身与聚多巴胺和金属离子自组装，形成二维无机-有机杂化物，经碳化处理后可以直接转化为二维CCNSs，而不会发生结构劣化。与具有纯石墨或无定形碳骨架的常见2D-CCNS不同，所构造的材料具有明显不均匀的碳质骨架，包括具有结晶骨架的石墨纳米棒和具有微孔结构的无定形碳。该合成策略也被证明是通用的嵌入多种金属氧化物，如Fe 2 O3，CoO，NiO纳米粒子，到碳骨架中，只是通过调整金属离子的类型。得益于精心编排的结构，所制备的2D-CCNSs表现出令人印象深刻的高速率锂离子存储性能。例如，在40.8 s内充满后，可以实现高达342 min的长放电时间，同时具有560 mA h g−1的高且稳定的可逆容量。
Two-dimensional carbon-based composite nanosheets (2D-CCNSs) are expected to be promising electrodes for fast charging lithium-ion batteries. Even though synthesis procedures exist for these materials, current approaches often require rigid reaction conditions and complicated synthetic steps. Herein, we develop a facile and general approach to fabricate a new type of 2D-CCNSs and demonstrate its superiority as a high-rate anode for lithium-ion batteries. It is found that the introduction of a nanocellulose as building unit can guide itself to self-assemble with polydopamine and metal ions to form a 2D inorganic–organic hybrid, which can be directly transformed into 2D-CCNSs after a carbonization treatment without structural deterioration. Unlike common 2D-CCNSs with a pure graphitic or amorphous carbon framework, the as-constructed materials possess a distinctively heterogeneous carbonaceous skeleton comprising graphitic nanorods with a crystalline framework and amorphous carbon with a microporous structure. The synthetic strategy is also demonstrated to be general for embedding numerous metal oxides, such as Fe2O3, CoO, NiO nanoparticles, into the carbon framework just by adjusting the types of metal ions. Profiting from the well-orchestrated structure, the as-prepared 2D-CCNSs exhibit impressive high-rate lithium ion storage performance. For instance, after being fully charged within 40.8 s, a long discharge time as high as 342 min can be achieved accompanied with a high and stable reversible capacity of 560 mA h g−1.