Towards biocultural approaches to peatland conservation: The case for fish and livelihoods in Indonesia
Towards biocultural approaches to peatland conservation: The case for fish and livelihoods in Indonesia
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采取生物文化方法保护泥炭地：印度尼西亚鱼类和生计案例
DOI：
10.1016/j.envsci.2020.08.018
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Thornton S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thornton S
如果保护组织和当地社区之间不共同制定保护重要野生动物栖息地和物种的计划，以反映后者的需求和不同的价值观，那么保护项目可能会失败。热带泥炭地保护是一个恰当的例子：当地社区的生计直到最近才成为关注的焦点，特别是在学术文献中。相反，之前的许多研究强调有必要保护完好的泥炭沼泽森林以储存碳，作为猩猩等旗舰物种的栖息地，并提供无火景观。在这里，我们探讨了印度尼西亚加里曼丹中部泥炭地景观所面临的社会环境问题。这包括泥炭沼泽森林的丧失、泥炭地鱼类数量的减少以及相关的社会文化挑战，例如潜在的渔业生计丧失以及土著社区被边缘化的历史和持续经历。为了找到这些复杂和相互关联的问题的解决方案，需要一种注重相互依存并包括多种世界观的跨学科方法。我们提出了一种方法，既部署了伊桑·米勒对生计的使用(包括米勒，2019年)和生物文化保护方法，以分析人与非人类的关系，重点是鱼类和渔业生计。我们利用了中加里曼丹两个村庄社区的深入社会和生态研究数据，并以此说明鱼类保护如何有潜力支持泥炭地地区人类和非人类社区之间重要的生物文化和生计关系。我们的发现支持了以前呼吁在其他社会生态环境中采用生物文化方法进行保护的呼吁，并使我们得出结论，将这些方法整合在一起的热带泥炭地保护倡议将改善泥炭地、森林、生物多样性和人类的成果。这些发现将与其他高度依赖捕鱼作为生计来源的热带泥炭地有关，例如亚马逊和刚果盆地的泥炭地。
Conservation projects are likely to fail if plans to preserve important wildlife habitats and species are not co-developed between conservation organisations and local communities to reflect the needs and diverse values of the latter. Tropical peatland conservation represents a case in point: local community livelihoods have only recently come into focus, particularly within academic literature. Instead, many previous studies emphasise the need to conserve intact peat swamp forests for their carbon storage, as a habitat for flagship species such as the orangutan, and to provide fire-free landscapes. Here, we explore the socio-environmental issues being faced in the peatland landscapes of Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. This includes the loss of peat-swamp forest, decreases in peatland fish populations and related socio-cultural challenges such as potential loss of fishing livelihoods along with historic and continued experiences of marginalisation of indigenous communities. To find solutions to these complex and interrelated problems, an interdisciplinary approach which focuses on interdependencies and includes multiple worldviews is required. We propose an approach which deploys both Ethan Miller’s use of livelihoods (incl. Miller, 2019) and biocultural approaches to conservation to analyse human-nonhuman relationships, with a focus on fish and fishing livelihoods. We draw on data from in-depth social and ecological research in two village communities in Central Kalimantan, and in so doing illustrate how fish conservation has the potential to support important biocultural and livelihood relationships between human and nonhuman communities in peatland areas. Our findings lend support to previous calls for biocultural approaches to conservation in other socio-ecological contexts, and lead us to conclude that tropical peatland conservation initiatives that integrate such approaches will result in improved outcomes for peatlands, forests, biodiversity and people. These findings will be relevant to other tropical peatland areas with high dependence on fishing as a source of livelihood, such as the peatlands of the Amazon and Congo basins.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Vanessa Watts
通讯作者：
Vanessa Watts
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ethan Miller
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影响因子：
6.3
作者：
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D. Ehrenfeld
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影响因子：
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S. Inaotombi;P. C. Mahanta
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P. C. Mahanta