Physically based distributed hydrological modelling of the Upper Jordan catchment and investigation of effective model equations
Physically based distributed hydrological modelling of the Upper Jordan catchment and investigation of effective model equations
复制标题
约旦河上游流域的基于物理的分布式水文建模和有效模型方程的研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Rimmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Kunstmann;A. Heckl;A. Rimmer
抽象的。在上约旦河流域缺水的环境中有足够的淡水供应，是和平发展农业和工业的核心先决条件。需要建立水文模型来了解陆地水的平衡，并对可用水提供科学合理的估计。本文针对两个相关的目标：第一，调查了位于以色列、叙利亚和黎巴嫩边界的水文地质复杂集水区UJC的水量平衡。这是第一次为该区域建立一个物理模型，该模型既考虑了整个陆地水平衡，又特别考虑了地下水-地表水的相互作用。结果表明，该模型能较好地描述实测河道流量。其次，研究了基于1)线性滤波理论和2)神经网络的简单集总方法能否解释观测和模拟的径流分量，以及径流分量的自由度是多少。以UJC阿云子流域为例表明，基于物理的分布式水文模型WASIM模拟的径流、径流和内流径流均可用3-5个自由度的简单有效方程来描述。用简单集总法计算河流流量观测值的效果要差得多。
Abstract. Sufficient freshwater availability in the water scarce environment of the Upper Jordan Catchment (UJC) is a central prerequisite for peaceful agricultural and industrial development. Hydrological modelling is required to understand terrestrial water balance and to provide scientifically sound estimates on water availability. This article aims at two related objectives: First the water balance of the UJC, a hydrogeologically complex catchment located at the borders of Israel, Syria and the Lebanon, is investigated. It is for the first time that a physically based model is set up for this region that accounts both for the entire terrestrial water balance and in particular for the groundwater-surface water interaction. It is shown that the model is able to describe observed river discharges satisfactorily. Secondly, it is investigated if observed and simulated runoff components can be explained by simple lumped approaches based on 1) linear filter theory and 2) neural networks and what the number of degrees of freedom for the runoff components is. It is exemplary shown for the Ayun subcatchment of the UJC that the simulated river discharge, the direct runoff component and the interflow runoff component as modelled by the physically based distributed hydrological model WaSiM can be described by simple effective equations with only 3 to 5 degrees of freedom. Application of simple lumped approaches to observed river discharge values showed much weaker performance.