Material stock development of the transport sector in the city of Vienna
Material stock development of the transport sector in the city of Vienna
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DOI：
10.1111/jiec.13024
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发表时间：
2020-07-10
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Fellner, Johann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gassner, Andreas;Lederer, Jakob;Fellner, Johann
社会的目标是减少初级原材料的消耗，加强废物回收，减少废物处置。在这方面，循环经济概念已引起注意，并在政策文件中得到应用，在城市一级也是如此。但是，为了评估既定目标及其实现情况，需要对人为物质流动和储存有充分的了解。运输系统的材料周转尚未得到充分的调查，尽管它们对整个材料周转有重大影响，并且在利用回收建筑材料方面具有很大的潜力。为了缩小这一差距，本研究调查了与城市运输系统有关的人为存量和流量，其中包括基础设施和车辆。采用自下而上的多年物料流分析来计算1990-2015年期间维也纳运输系统的物料库存和相关的投入和产出流量。研究结果表明，更环保的交通方式日益重要。自1990年以来，机动个人运输的绝对存量有所增加，但人均存量保持在34吨/顶不变，而公共交通的人均存量（20吨/顶；+8%）和非机动个人运输的人均存量（4吨/顶；+10%）有所增加。然而，材料消耗的主要来源（65%）是基础设施的维护。由于输出和输入在质量和材料方面是相等的，这就提供了一个更圆的可能性。该研究为制定可持续资源节约型城市交通系统的政策和管理方案提供了系统分析。
Societies aim to reduce primary raw material consumption, enhance waste recycling, and reduce waste disposal. In this regard, the circular-economy concept has gained attention and is applied in policy papers, also on the urban level. However, to assess set targets and their achievement, a sound knowledge of anthropogenic material flows and stocks is required. The material turnover of transport systems has not been sufficiently investigated yet, although they have a significant impact on overall material turnover and have a high potential for making use of recycled construction materials. To close this gap, the present study investigates the anthropogenic stocks and flows related to an urban transport system, whereby both infrastructure and vehicles are included. A bottom-up, multiyear material-flow analysis was employed to calculate the material stock and the related input and output flows of Vienna's transport system for the period 1990-2015. The results indicate the increasing importance of more environmentally friendly modes of transport. The stock of motorized individual transport has increased in absolute terms since 1990, but the stock per capita remains unchanged at 34 t/cap, whereas the per capita stock of public transport (20 t/cap; +8%) and of nonmotorized individual transport (4 t/cap; +10%) has increased. However, the primary source of material consumption (>65%) is maintenance of infrastructure. This provides a potential for more circularity because outputs and inputs are equal in terms of mass and material. The study provides a systematic analysis for developing policy and management options for sustainable resource-saving urban transport systems.