Low-Carbohydrate Diets and Prostate Cancer: How Low Is "Low Enough"?
Low-Carbohydrate Diets and Prostate Cancer: How Low Is "Low Enough"?
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DOI：
10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0071
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Freedland, Stephen J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Masko, Elizabeth M.;Thomas, Jean A., II;Freedland, Stephen J.
先前的研究表明，碳水化合物摄入会影响前列腺癌生物学，因为喂食无碳水化合物生酮饮食（NCKD）的小鼠比喂食西方饮食的小鼠具有显着更小的异种移植肿瘤和更长的生存期。由于人类几乎不可能消耗和维持NCKD，我们确定了含有10%或20%碳水化合物kcal的饮食是否显示出与NCKD相似的肿瘤生长。共150只雄性重度联合免疫缺陷小鼠自由进食西方饮食，注射人前列腺癌细胞系LAPC-4，然后在2周后随机分配至三组之一：NCKD、10%碳水化合物或20%碳水化合物饮食。10只未注射的小鼠自由采食低脂饮食（12%脂肪kcal），作为改良配对喂养方案中的参考。当肿瘤达到1,000 mm时处死小鼠（3）。尽管消耗了额外的热量，但所有接受低碳水化合物饮食的小鼠都比接受低脂饮食的小鼠体重明显减轻（P < 0.04）。在低碳水化合物组中，NCKD喂养的小鼠显著轻于10%或20%碳水化合物组（P < 0.05）。在第52天和第59天，10%碳水化合物组的肿瘤明显更大（P < 0.05），但在研究期间的其他时间点没有。饮食不影响生存率（P = 0.34）。低碳水化合物组处死时血清胰岛素样生长因子-I或胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3无差异（分别为P = 0.07和P = 0.55）。20%碳水化合物组的胰岛素显著较低（P = 0.03）。喂食低碳水化合物饮食（10-20%碳水化合物kcal）的LAPC-4异种移植小鼠与消耗NCKD（0%碳水化合物kcal）的小鼠具有相似的存活率。Cancer Prev Res; 3（9）; 1124-31. (C)2010年AACR。
Previous studies indicate that carbohydrate intake influences prostate cancer biology, as mice fed a no-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (NCKD) had significantly smaller xenograft tumors and longer survival than mice fed a Western diet. As it is nearly impossible for humans to consume and maintain NCKD, we determined whether diets containing 10% or 20% carbohydrate kcal showed similar tumor growth as NCKD. A total of 150 male severe combined immunodeficient mice were fed a Western diet ad libitum, injected with the human prostate cancer cell line LAPC-4, and then randomized 2 weeks later to one of three arms: NCKD, 10% carbohydrate, or 20% carbohydrate diets. Ten mice not injected were fed an ad libitum low-fat diet (12% fat kcal) serving as the reference in a modified-paired feeding protocol. Mice were sacrificed when tumors reached 1,000 mm(3). Despite consuming extra calories, all mice receiving low-carbohydrate diets were significantly lighter than those receiving a low-fat diet (P < 0.04). Among the low-carbohydrate arms, NCKD-fed mice were significantly lighter than the 10% or 20% carbohydrate groups (P < 0.05). Tumors were significantly larger in the 10% carbohydrate group on days 52 and 59 (P < 0.05), but at no other point during the study. Diet did not affect survival (P = 0.34). There were no differences in serum insulin-like growth factor-I or insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 at sacrifice among the low-carbohydrate arms (P = 0.07 and P = 0.55, respectively). Insulin was significantly lower in the 20% carbohydrate arm (P = 0.03). LAPC-4 xenograft mice fed a low-carbohydrate diet (10-20% carbohydrate kcal) had similar survival as mice consuming NCKD (0% carbohydrate kcal). Cancer Prev Res; 3(9); 1124-31. (C) 2010 AACR.