SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques
SARS-CoV-2 infection protects against rechallenge in rhesus macaques
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abc4776
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发表时间：
2020-08-14
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Barouch, Dan H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chandrashekar, Abishek;Liu, Jinyan;Barouch, Dan H.
了解对严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的保护性免疫对于旨在结束2019年全球冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的疫苗和公共卫生战略至关重要。一个关键的未回答的问题是，感染SARS-CoV-2是否会导致针对再次暴露的保护性免疫。我们建立了SARS-CoV-2感染的恒河猴模型，观察到猕猴在上呼吸道和下呼吸道中具有高病毒载量，体液和细胞免疫应答以及病毒性肺炎的病理证据。在最初的病毒清除后，用SARS-CoV-2再次攻击动物，与初次感染后相比，支气管肺泡灌洗液和鼻粘膜中的中值病毒载量减少了5 log（10）。再攻击后的回忆性免疫应答表明，保护作用是由免疫控制介导的。这些数据表明，SARS-CoV-2感染在非人灵长类动物中诱导了针对再次暴露的保护性免疫。
An understanding of protective immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for vaccine and public health strategies aimed at ending the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A key unanswered question is whether infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in protective immunity against reexposure. We developed a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection and observed that macaques had high viral loads in the upper and lower respiratory tract, humoral and cellular immune responses, and pathologic evidence of viral pneumonia. After the initial viral clearance, animals were rechallenged with SARS-CoV-2 and showed 5 log(10) reductions in median viral loads in bronchoalveolar lavage and nasal mucosa compared with after the primary infection. Anamnestic immune responses after rechallenge suggested that protection was mediated by immunologic control. These data show that SARS-CoV-2 infection induced protective immunity against reexposure in nonhuman primates.