Side effects of antiepileptics--a review.
Side effects of antiepileptics--a review.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1533-2500.2004.04304.x
复制
发表时间：
2004-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Khan, Yasin N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walia, Kulbir S;Khan, Elizabeth A;Khan, Yasin N
老一代抗癫痫药物如苯巴比妥（Luminal）、卡马西平（Tegretol）、苯妥英（Dilantin）和丙戊酸（Depakote）有一些缺点，如次优反应率、明显的不良反应、几种药物相互作用和狭窄的治疗指数。在过去的十年中，新的抗癫痫药物已经被开发出来，以克服这些问题。这些新一代抗癫痫药物如非胺酸酯（Felbatol）、加巴喷丁（Neurontin）、拉莫三嗪（Lamictal）、左乙拉西坦（Keppra）、奥卡西平（Trileptal）、替加滨（Gabitril）、托吡酯（Topamax）和唑尼沙胺（Zonegran）具有更好的耐受性、较低的相互作用潜力和显著较少的酶诱导或抑制特性。随着抗癫痫药物的使用范围扩大到包括神经性疼痛的治疗，新的副作用也被报道出来。除了抗癫痫药物常见的副作用，如头晕、嗜睡和精神迟钝；其他副作用，如体重增加，代谢性酸中毒，肾结石，闭角型青光眼，皮疹，肝毒性，结肠炎，运动和行为障碍，仅举几例，已经引起了我们的注意。这篇综述试图强调其中一些副作用的特点和发生率。
Older generation antiepileptic drugs like Phenobarbital (Luminal), carbamazepine (Tegretol), phenytoin (Dilantin), and valproic acid (Depakote) have several shortcomings such as suboptimal response rates, significant adverse effects, several drug interactions, and a narrow therapeutic index. New antiepileptic drugs have been developed in the last decade to overcome some of these problems. These newer generation antiepileptics like felbamate (Felbatol), gabapentin (Neurontin), lamotrigine (Lamictal), levetiracetam (Keppra), oxcarbazepine (Trileptal), tiagabine (Gabitril), topiramate (Topamax), and zonisamide (Zonegran) have better tolerability profiles, low interaction potential, and significantly less enzyme inducing or inhibiting properties. As the use of antiepileptic drugs has expanded to include treatment of neuropathic pain, newer side effects have been reported. In addition to the common side effects of antiepileptic drugs, like dizziness, drowsiness, and mental slowing; other side effects like weight gain, metabolic acidosis, nephrolithiasis, angle closure glaucoma, skin rash, hepatotoxicity, colitis, and movement and behavioral disorders, to name a few, have been brought to our attention. This review is an attempt to highlight the features and incidences of some of these side effects.