Empowering Community Water Data Stakeholders
Empowering Community Water Data Stakeholders
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DOI：
10.1093/iwcomp/iwz032
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Gupta, Srishti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carroll, John Millar;Beck, Jordan;Gupta, Srishti
获得清洁水是社区一级合作的一个重大挑战和机遇。人们依赖当地的水源，但人们对水质的认识和对水管理的参与往往有限。缺乏社区参与可能会增加水灾的风险，例如密歇根州弗林特和南非开普敦的水灾。我们调查了一个为美国约10万人服务的分水岭系统中的水质实践。我们确定了一系列收集水质数据的实体，包括政府和非营利性公民团体。其中许多数据原则上是公民可以访问的。然而，数据分散多样，信息基础设施原始，没有整合。水质数据和数据做法隐藏在人们的视线中。在实地调查的基础上，我们考虑了社会技术的行动方案，借鉴了人机交互以及社区信息学、数据和环境系统管理方面的最佳实践。研究HIGHLIGHTS我们确定并调查了一个社区连接和松散协调的水质利益相关者网络。我们描述了水质监测实践的嵌套社区、它们之间的相互关系和它们的协调工作。我们将水质监测确定为隐藏在公众视线中的社区工作，并分析了这一工作的后果。我们提出了使水质和公民科学水质监测更可见、更容易为社区成员所接受的方法。
Access to clean water is a critical challenge and opportunity for community-level collaboration. People rely on local water sources, but awareness of water quality and participation in water management is often limited. Lack of community engagement can increase risks of water catastrophes, such as those in Flint, Michigan, and Cape Town, South Africa. We investigated water quality practices in a watershed system serving c.100 000 people in the United States. We identified a range of entities including government and nonprofit citizen groups that gather water quality data. Many of these data are accessible in principle to citizens. However, the data are scattered and diverse; information infrastructures are primitive and not integrated. Water quality data and data practices are hidden in plain sight. Based on fieldwork, we consider sociotechnical courses of action, drawing on best practices in human-computer interaction and community informatics, data and environmental systems management.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTSWe identify and investigate a water quality stakeholder network that is community-articulated and loosely coordinated.We characterize nested communities of practice in water quality monitoring, their interrelationships and their coordination work.We identify water quality monitoring as community work 'hiding in plain sight' and analyze the ramifications of this.We propose approaches to make water quality, and citizen-science water quality monitoring, more visible and accessible to community members.