THE EFFECT OF SOLID AND POROUS CHANNEL WALLS ON STEADY SWIMMING OF STEELHEAD TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS
THE EFFECT OF SOLID AND POROUS CHANNEL WALLS ON STEADY SWIMMING OF STEELHEAD TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS
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发表时间：
1993-05
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通讯作者：
P. Webb
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作者：
P. Webb
在15厘米宽的水槽中心，记录了钢头鳟鱼（总长度约12.2厘米）在4.5、3和1.6厘米宽的通道中游泳的运动学和稳定游泳表现。沟道壁是固体或多孔的。尾拍深度和推进波长度不受固体壁和多孔壁间距的影响。尾振频率F和振幅H的乘积与游动速度u和尾距壁面的谐波平均距离z有关。对于实体壁面，FH = 1.01(+/−0.31)u0.67(+/−0.09)z(0.12+/−0.02)，对于网格壁面，FH = 0.873(+/−0.302)u0.74(+/−0.08)z0.064(+/−0.024)，其中回归系数显示为+/−2 s.e.。因此，在固体壁之间游动的鱼的工作速率较小，但由于壁效应的减少随着游动速度的增加而减小。除了低游泳速度外，多孔网格壁对运动学的影响较小。固体壁面间距对最大尾拍频率没有影响，但最大尾拍振幅随壁面宽度的减小而减小。最大尾拍振幅随栅格壁间距的增大而减小，但最大尾拍频率随栅格壁间距的增大而增大。墙壁也降低了最大游泳速度。在大多数关于鱼在水槽和鱼轮中游泳的研究中，没有充分考虑到壁面效应。
Kinematics and steady swimming performance were recorded for steelhead trout (approximately 12.2 cm in total length) swimming in channels 4.5, 3 and 1.6 cm wide in the centre of a flume 15 cm wide. Channel walls were solid or porous. Tail-beat depth and the length of the propulsive wave were not affected by spacing of either solid or porous walls. The product of tail-beat frequency, F, and amplitude, H, was related to swimming speed, u, and to harmonic mean distance of the tail from the wall, z. For solid walls: FH = 1.01(+/−0.31)u0.67(+/−0.09)z(0.12+/−0.02) and for grid walls: FH = 0.873(+/−0.302)u0.74(+/−0.08)z0.064(+/−0.024), where +/−2 s.e. are shown for regression coefficients. Thus, rates of working were smaller for fish swimming between solid walls, but the reduction due to wall effects decreased with increasing swimming speed. Porous grid walls had less effect on kinematics, except at low swimming speeds. Spacing of solid walls did not affect maximum tail-beat frequency, but maximum tail-beat amplitude decreased with smaller wall widths. Maximum tail-beat amplitude similarly decreased with spacing between grid walls, but maximum tail-beat frequency increased. Walls also reduced maximum swimming speed. Wall effects have not been adequately taken into account in most studies of fish swimming in flumes and fish wheels.