INDIVIDUAL GROUP DISCONTINUITY - THE ROLE OF A CONSENSUS RULE
INDIVIDUAL GROUP DISCONTINUITY - THE ROLE OF A CONSENSUS RULE
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-1031(88)90049-2
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发表时间：
1988-11-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
SCHOPLER, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
INSKO, CA;HOYLE, RH;SCHOPLER, J
本实验考察了创造心理上真实的群体（实体性）的必要条件。换句话说，实验考察了使三个个体的集合体分别与另一个三个个体的集合体以竞争方式相互作用所需的条件，这种竞争方式是三个个体的群体与另一个三个个体的群体相互作用的方式所特有的。通过10个版本的PDG矩阵，两个聚集体的三个人之间发生了相互作用。在五个条件中的四个条件下，一个集合中的每个受试者都与来自“对立”集合的单个受试者相互作用。在第一种情况下，即相互依赖的情况下，每个集合体中的三个人被安排在不同的房间里，尽管他们确实分享了自己的收入。在第二种情况下，即接触，三个人被安排在同一个房间，但不允许彼此交谈。在第三个条件中，即讨论条件，要求三个人相互讨论他们各自的PDG选择。在第四种情况下，即共识，要求受试者就各自的PDG选择达成共识。在第五种情况下，即所有人分组的情况下，每个集合体中的受试者都与相反集合体中的受试者进行了集体互动。结果表明，小组所有和共识的条件下产生同等数量的合作比相互依存，接触，讨论条件。这些结果被解释为表明，共识规则是必要的实体性的创建。
The present experiment examined the conditions necessary for the creation of psychologically real groups (entitativity). Stated differently, the experiment examined the conditions required to make an aggregate of three individuals separately interact with another aggregate of three individuals in the competitive manner characteristic of the way in which a group of three individuals has been observed to interact with another group of three individuals. Interactions occurred between two aggregates of three individuals via 10 versions of a PDG matrix. In four of the five conditions each subject in one aggregate interacted with a single subject from the "opposing" aggregate. In the first, or interdependence, condition the three individuals in each aggregate were placed in separate rooms, although they did share their earnings. In the second, or contact, condition the three individuals were placed in the same room but not allowed to talk to each other. In the third, or discussion, condition the three individuals were required to discuss their separate PDG choices with each other. In the fourth, or consensus, condition the subjects were required to reach consensus regarding their separate PDG choices. In the fifth, or group-all, condition the subjects in each aggregate collectively interacted with the subjects in the opposing aggregate. The results indicated that the group-all and consensus conditions produced equivalently lower amounts of cooperativeness than the interdependence, contact, and discussion conditions. These results were interpreted as indicating that a consensus rule is necessary for the creation of entitativity.